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. 2023 May 23;9(6):e16362. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16362

Table 4.

The test results of discriminant validity.

HR MR FR
HR 0.855
MR 0.670 0.910
FR 0.641 0.732 0.802

Notes: if the AVE square root of latent variables is more than the correlation of other variables, it represents that there is discriminant validity. RA belongs to repeated indicators, and its purpose is to export the factor loading of other latent variables. Thus, it is not listed in the discriminant validity analysis [ [36]].