Table. Selected Characteristics of Releases of Individuals With Substance Use Disorder From New Jersey Prisons From 2019 to 2020.
| Characteristic | Releases, No. (%) (N = 11 177) | P valueb | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Period 1a | Period 2a | Period 3a | ||
| No. of releases | 6374 (57.0) | 2860 (25.6) | 1943 (17.4) | NA |
| Outcomes within 45 d of release | ||||
| Any SUD-related acute care visit | 304 (4.8) | 137 (4.8) | 85 (4.4) | .75 |
| Any overdose-related acute care visit | 81 (1.3) | 38 (1.3) | 16 (0.8) | .23 |
| Overdose deathc | 19 (0.3) | <11 | <11 | .96 |
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age at release, y | ||||
| 18-34 | 3271 (51.3) | 1466 (51.3) | 1072 (55.2) | .01 |
| 35-44 | 1678 (26.3) | 751 (26.3) | 508 (26.1) | |
| 45-64 | 1387 (21.8) | 625 (21.9) | 349 (18.0) | |
| ≥65 | 38 (0.6) | 18 (0.6) | 14 (0.7) | |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 479 (7.5) | 170 (5.9) | 101 (5.2) | <.001 |
| Male | 5896 (92.5) | 2690 (94.1) | 1842 (94.8) | |
| Race and ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic | 844 (13.3) | 402 (14.1) | 258 (13.3) | <.003 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 3480 (54.6) | 1590 (55.6) | 1155 (59.4) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 1954 (30.7) | 826 (28.9) | 512 (26.4) | |
| Non-Hispanic Otherd | 92 (1.4) | 41 (1.4) | 18 (0.9) | |
| Unknown | 4 (<0.1) | 1 (<0.1) | 0 | |
| Education level | ||||
| <High school | 1535 (24.1) | 676 (23.6) | 501 (25.8) | <.001 |
| High school diploma | 4258 (66.8) | 1954 (68.3) | 1254 (64.5) | |
| Postsecondary education | 396 (6.2) | 144 (5.0) | 99 (5.1) | |
| Unknown | 185 (2.9) | 86 (3.0) | 89 (4.6) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Not married | 5723 (89.8) | 2583 (90.3) | 1762 (90.7) | .55 |
| Married | 400 (6.3) | 173 (6.1) | 103 (5.3) | |
| Unknown | 251 (3.9) | 104 (3.6) | 78 (4.0) | |
| Release type | ||||
| Parole | 2819 (44.2) | 1352 (47.3) | 195 (10.0) | <.001 |
| Not parole | 3536 (55.5) | 1508 (52.7) | 1748 (90.0) | |
| Unknown | 19 (<0.1) | 0 | 0 | |
Abbreviations: NA, not applicable; SUD, substance use disorder.
a
Period 1, before the COVID-19 pandemic public health emergency, January 1, 2019, to March 10, 2020; period 2, during the public health emergency but before the Public Health Emergency Credit Act, March 11 to November 3, 2020); and period 3, after the Public Health Emergency Credit Act, November 4 to December 31, 2020.
b
P values determined from χ2 tests.
c
Cells with fewer than 11 data points are not reported in accordance with data use agreements.
d
Includes persons who reported their race as Asian, American Indian or Alaska Native, or other (not defined).