Table 4.
Predictors of improvement and deterioration in the Willingness to Intervene Against Suicide (WIAS)-Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC) and Willingness to Intervene Against Suicide-Intent to Intervene T1 to T2.
| Characteristics | Improvementa | Deteriorationa | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
WIAS-PBCb | WIAS-Intc | WIAS-PBC | WIAS-Int | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
ORd (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | ||||||||||||
| Age (years) | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
<21 | —e | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
|
|
≥21 | 0.99 (0.52-1.88) | .99 | 1.48 (0.78-2.80) | .23 | 0.64 (0.27-1.51) | .31 | 1.04 (0.50-2.15) | .92 | |||||||||||
| Gender | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Male | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
|
|
Female | 2.25 (0.88-5.71) | .09 | 1.22 (0.47-3.17) | .69 | 1.10 (0.41-2.96) | .84 | 0.56 (0.22-1.42) | .23 | |||||||||||
|
|
Transgender and gender-diverse participants | 1.63 (0.51-5.18) | .41 | 2.88 (0.75-11.10) | .12 | 0.41 (0.08-1.97) | .26 | 0.97 (0.23-4.04) | .97 | |||||||||||
| Sexual orientation | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Heterosexual or straight | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
|
|
Lesbian or gay | 4.21 (0.52-34.21) | .18 | 1.53 (0.42-5.60) | .52 | 2.80 (0.24-33.04) | .41 | 1.02 (0.21-4.88) | .98 | |||||||||||
|
|
Bisexual | 0.87 (0.43-1.74) | .69 | 1.61 (0.80-3.23) | .18 | 0.88 (0.35-2.22) | .79 | 1.43 (0.65-3.11) | .37 | |||||||||||
|
|
Other | 0.74 (0.34-1.61) | .45 | 1.50 (0.69-3.27) | .31 | 1.60 (0.64-4.01) | .32 | 1.84 (0.80-4.22) | .15 | |||||||||||
| Social media use (hours) | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
<5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
|
|
≥5 | 1.03 (0.52-2.04) | .94 | 1.13 (0.58-2.19) | .72 | 1.10 (0.47-2.60) | .83 | 0.96 (0.45-2.03) | .91 | |||||||||||
| Baseline WIAS-PBC | 0.93 (0.91-0.96) f | <.001 | — | — | 1.02 (0.98-1.06) | .33 | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Baseline WIAS-Int | — | — | 0.93 (0.90-0.96) | <.001 | — | — | 1.02 (0.99-1.06) | .25 | ||||||||||||
aFor both outcomes (improvement and deterioration), the comparator group consisted of participants who did not show a change in score over this period.
bWIAS-PBC: Willingness to Intervene Against Suicide–Perceived Behavioral Control.
cWIAS-Int: Willingness to Intervene Against Suicide–Intent to Intervene.
dOR: odds ratio.
eRow represents the reference group for the corresponding variable.
fItalicized values indicate significance.