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. 2023 Jun 3. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.05.010

Table 1.

Incidence of healthcare-associated infections before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.


Variable
Pre-COVID-19 period
COVID-19 pandemic period
Relative change (%) P value
Number of events Device days Rate per 1,000 device days Patient days Rate per 10,000 patient days Number of events Device days Rate per 1,000 device days Patient days Rate per 10,000 patient days
All
 BSI 4,179 - - 3,023,644 1.38 4,061 - - 3,309,552 1.23 -11.5 <0.001
 CLABSI 3,533 1,536,627 2.30 - - 3,537 1,587,389 2.23 - - -3.0 0.19
 CAUTI 3,242 2,580,117 1.26 - - 3,085 2,455,660 1.26 - - 0 0.99
 VAP 1,091 1,061,341 1.03 - - 794 985,886 0.81 - - -21.4 <0.001
> 900 beds (n = 25–27)
 BSI 1,018 - - 584,934 1.74 1,020 - - 518,832 1.97 12.4 0.01
 CLABSI 894 374,317 2.39 - - 944 371,856 2.54 - - 6.3 0.46
 CAUTI 643 501,139 1.28 - - 599 458,242 1.31 - - 2.3 0.74
 VAP 292 288,773 1.01 - - 244 269,435 0.91 - - -9.9 0.20
700–899 beds (n = 30–33)
 BSI 1,309 - - 713,065 1.84 1,353 625,883 2.16 16.0 <0.001
 CLABSI 1,143 405,461 2.82 - - 1,154 374,395 3.08 - - 9.2 0.03
 CAUTI 866 560,130 1.55 - - 836 530,876 1.57 - - 1.3 0.70
 VAP 301 303,639 0.99 - - 230 256,226 0.90 - - -9.1 0.25
500–699 beds (n = 33–36)
 BSI 1,085 - - 601,751 1.80 952 802,806 1.19 -40.8 <0.001
 CLABSI 885 314,315 2.82 - - 826 337,665 2.45 - - -13.1 <0.001
 CAUTI 743 523,107 1.42 - - 726 501,512 1.45 - - 2.1 0.72
 VAP 202 224,263 0.90 - - 162 213,822 0.76 - - -15.6 0.10
200–499 beds (n =123–166)
 BSI 767 - - 1,123,894 0.68 736 - - 1,362,031 0.54 -23.0 <0.001
 CLABSI 611 442,534 1.38 - - 613 503,473 1.22 - - -11.6 0.03
 CAUTI 990 927,922 1.07 - - 924 965,030 0.96 - - -10.3 0.02
 VAP 296 244,666 1.21 - - 158 246,403 0.64 - - -47.1 <0.001

BSI, bloodstream infection; CLABSI, central line-associated bloodstream infection; CAUTI, catheter-associated urinary tract infection; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia.