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. 2023 Jun 3:1–17. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1007/s12119-023-10100-3

Table 3.

Differences between victims (n = 45) and non-victims (n = 229)

Victims Non-victims χ2 p Cramer V
n % n %
Sexual orientation
 Heterosexual 32 71.1 191 83.4 3.753 .053 .117
 Non-heterosexual 13 28.9 38 16.6
Marital status
 Single 41 91.1 169 73.8
 Married/cohabiting 4 8.9 43 18.8 6.955 .073 .159
 Separated/divorced 0 0 16 7.0
 Widower 0 0 1 0.4
Educational level
 Until 9th grade 0 0 8 3.5
 Until 12th grade 21 46.7 64 27.9 7.207 .066 .162
 Graduation 16 35.6 100 43.7
 Master’s degree 8 17.8 57 24.9
Professional status
 Student 23 51.1 90 39.3
 Employed 22 48.9 120 52.4 5.095 .165 .165
 Unemployed 0 0 14 6.1
 Retired 0 0 5 2.2
M SD M SD t p d
Age 24.11 5.36 28.86 11.06 2.815 .005 .459
Total RSES 16.11 6.67 19.72 6.63 3.336 < .001 .544
Total humiliation 76.27 20.78 58.84 23.75 − 4.588 < .001 .748
Cummulative humiliation 38.40 9.11 28.10 11.73 − 5.565 < .001 .907
Fear humiliation 22.04 9.47 17.14 9.40 − 3.199 < .001 .522
Concern/worry 15.82 5.95 13.60 6.52 − 2.120 .017 .346
BSI depression 2.64 1.09 1.97 1.14 − 3.651 < .001 .595
BSI anxiety 2.69 1.05 1.98 1.23 − 3.597 < .001 .587

RSES Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, BSI Brief Symptom Inventory