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. 2023 May 22;14:1190018. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1190018

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Copyright © 2023 Schmidt, Dahlberg, Berthold, Król, Arve-Butler, Rydén, Najibi, Mossberg, Bengtsson, Kahn, Månsson and Kahn

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Synovial fluid predominately induces STAT3 phosphorylation through IL-6. (A) Broad spectrum phosphorylation array of 37 kinases following 20% synovial fluid (SF) stimulation of healthy monocytes compared to serum (n=4). (B) Analysis of NFkBp65 phosphorylation with SF vs. serum (Ser) stimulation by flow cytometry (n=24). (C) Analysis of STAT3 phosphorylation with SF (n=24) by flow cytometry. (D) Shows correlation between levels of STAT3 phosphorylation in monocytes versus IL-6 in the SF (n=33, Spearman correlation). (E) SF stimulation and STAT3 phosphorylation analysis, with pre-treatment of monocytes with tofacitinib (1µM) or tocilizumab (100ng/ml) and (F) STAT1 phosphorylation (n=24). Data is presented as median with IQR. MFI, Median fluorescence intensity; IL, Interleukin; STAT, Signal transducer and activator of transcription; Tof, Tofacitinib; Toc, Tocilizumab.