Table 1.
Thematic Analysis Descriptions of Facilitator and Barrier Categories
| Themes | Descriptions |
|---|---|
| Caseload/Clinic Operations | • Ability to prioritize patients and maintain clinic flow with minimal interruptions, which may be related to caseload, facility hours of operation, staffing shortages, and appointment frequency, type, and duration. • Contributions of MI to efficient use of clinic time. • Resource availability to support MI use with patients, which may include time, finances, human capital (i.e., supervisors, internal facilitators, staff), physical resources (i.e., space, books, videos), or ongoing training and skill development resources. |
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| |
| Organizational/Clinic Culture | • Leadership/key stakeholder buy-in. • Level of institutionalized use and support for MI, which may include use of MI by others, encouragement and expectations for MI use, beliefs about who should use MI and its effectiveness, accommodating study participation time in work schedules. • Perceptions about the value of MI training and its impact on employee evaluations. |
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| |
| Patient Considerations | • Patient characteristics, acceptance/rejection, and response to MI, including responses related to starting to use it with established patients. • Expectations for patient outcomes related to using MI, including engagement, adherence, and health outcomes. • Individual patient needs and treatment priorities. |
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| |
| Training Considerations | • Staff perceptions and expectations of the MI training process, and responses to MI training, including timing and scheduling of training and other study activities, and whether training examples are realistic and applicable. • Trainer characteristics, efforts to understand staff needs and preferences, training logistics and format (especially related to training approach, training materials, and ability to model MI). • Staff buy-in vs resistance, prior experience with MI or other EBTs, level of comfort with skill development processes, and view of whether training is needed or will be helpful relative to other skills already used. |