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. 2020 Oct 31;6(5):159–178. doi: 10.1007/s41048-020-00118-7

Table 2. Summary of selected probes for metal detection.

Probe Modality Readout Cells Biological highlights
“n.d.”: not determined. TPI and UCL belong to FLI.
DA-ZP1-TPP FLI F529 HeLa, WPE-1, RWPE-2, PC-3 Mobile Zn2+ in mitochondria of healthy vs cancerous prostate cells
LysoDPP-C4 FLI F515 HeLa, PC3, DU145 Cancerous prostate nodules via Zn2+-induced fluorescence signaling
CNSB TPI F470/F565 MCF-7 Fluctuation and distribution of Cu+ under ER stress in MCF-7 cells
CCL-1 BLI n.d. PC3M-luc Cu+ deficiency in a murine model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
RPS1 PAI PA710 bEnd.3 Cross the blood–brain barrier for Cu2+ visualization in mice with Alzheimer’s disease
NRh UCL UCL730 HeLa In vivo detection of Cu2+ in Wilson disease
LCy7 FLI F690 HL-7702 Labile Fe2+ in ER stress-mediated drug-induced liver injury
ICL-1 BLI n.d. PC3M-luc Labile Fe2+ accumulation in a murine model of A. baumannii infection
Mito-RhFe FLI F580 MCF-7 Labile Fe3+ drop in mitochondria of K562 cells undergoing the DMSO-stimulated erythroid differentiation
NAP-3 FLI F605/F544 HepG2 Endogenous labile Fe3+ pools in ftn-1 silenced C. elegans