Table 2. Distribution of Hypertension-Related Factors Among Patients (N = 450) at a Tertiary Care Hospital, by Adherencea to Medication Regimen, Islamabad, Pakistan, 2019.
| Characteristics | All patients | Nonadherence (n = 170) | Moderate adherence (n = 165) | Good adherence (n = 115) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Duration of hypertension, mean (SD), y | 7.7 (SD, 6.1) | 7 (SD, 5.9) | 8.6 (SD, 6.4) | 7.5 (SD, 6.0) |
| <1 | 45 (10.0) | 21 (12.4) | 15 (9.1) | 9 (7.8) |
| 1–5 | 173 (38.4) | 75 (44.1) | 48 (29.1) | 50 (43.5) |
| 6–10 | 123 (27.3) | 37 (21.8) | 56 (33.9) | 30 (26.1) |
| 11–20 | 91 (20.2) | 33 (19.4) | 37 (22.4) | 21 (18.3) |
| ≥21 | 18 (4.0) | 4 (2.4) | 9 (5.5) | 5 (4.3) |
| Family history of hypertension and ischemic heart diseases | 186 (41.3) | 78 (45.9) | 64 (38.8) | 44 (38.3) |
| Activity levelb | ||||
| Inactive (<30 min/d) | 188 (41.8) | 69 (40.6) | 74 (44.8) | 45 (39.1) |
| Minimally active (30–60 min/d) | 243 (54.0) | 97 (57.1) | 81 (49.1) | 65 (56.5) |
| Vigorously active (equal to 4 h/d walking) | 19 (4.2) | 4 (2.4) | 10 (6.1) | 5 (4.3) |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Smoker | 44 (9.8) | 16 (9.4) | 15 (9.1) | 13 (11.3) |
| Never smoked | 353 (78.4) | 135 (79.4) | 130 (78.8) | 88 (76.5) |
| Former smoker | 53 (11.8) | 19 (11.2) | 20 (12.1) | 14 (12.2) |
| Passive smoking | 252 (56.0) | 99 (58.2) | 98 (59.4) | 55 (47.8) |
| Number of years smoked | ||||
| <5 | 19 (4.2) | 11 (6.5) | 6 (3.6) | 2 (1.7) |
| ≥5 | 76 (16.9) | 23 (13.5) | 29 (17.6) | 24 (20.9) |
| Since childhood (aged 7–10 y) | 2 (0.4) | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.9) |
| Mean distance traveled to reach health facility, km | 16.8 (23.8) | 16.1 (22.9) | 16.6 (20.3) | 16.7 (13.4) |
| Mean time to reach health facility, min | 44.9 (39.5) | 43.6 (39.7) | 47.6 (45.7) | 43 (28.5) |
| ≤1 h | 254 (56.4) | 139 (81.8) | 57 (34.5) | 58 (50.4) |
| >1 h | 196 (43.6) | 31 (18.2) | 108 (65.5) | 57 (49.6) |
| Mean time for a checkup (SD), min | 67.1 (37.7) | 73.1 (43.3) | 66.8 (35.1) | 58.8 (30.6) |
a
Level of Adherence was classified as good, moderate, or nonadherent according to the MMAS-8; a score of 7 or 8 was classified as good, a score of 6 as moderate, and a score less than 6 as nonadherent. Values are number (percentage) unless otherwise indicated.
b
No respondents were in the “Active” category.