TABLE 1.

Baseline characteristics grouped by the presence of unstratified plaques.

	Total	No Plaques	Plaques	P
	Ν = 284	n = 48	n = 236
Age, yr	60.0 (56.3–66.0)	57.7 (55.1–61.3)	60.6 (56.7–66.1)	0.008
BMI, kg·m−2	24.5 (22.9–26.7)	24.0 (22.4–25.2)	24.7 (23.1–26.8)	0.024
Systolic BP, mm Hg	140 ± 18	135 ± 15	140 ± 18	0.057
Current smoker, n (%)	9 (3%)	1 (2%)	8 (3%)	0.64
Total cholesterol, mmol·L−1	5.2 ± 0.9	5.2 ± 0.8	5.2 ± 0.9	0.86
Hypertension, n (%)	36 (13%)	5 (10%)	31 (13%)	0.61
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	9 (3%)	2 (4%)	7 (3%)	0.67
CVD, n (%)	6 (2%)	1 (2%)	5 (2%)	0.99
Family history of CVD, n (%)	100 (35%)	9 (19%)	91 (39%)	0.009
CAC score, Agatston units	31 (0–132)	0 (0–0)	55 (7–184)	<0.001
Obstructive CAD, n (%)	32 (11%)	0 (0%)	32 (14%)	0.007
MET·h·wk−1	40.5 (25.9–56.6)	38.5 (21.3–61.3)	40.7 (26.8–56.4)	0.69
AGE
Free CML, nmol·L−1	112 (90–135)	117 (92–141)	110 (89–134)	0.56
Free CEL, nmol·L−1	58 (48–72)	57 (47–76)	58 (48–72)	0.75
Free MG-H1, nmol·L−1	329 (220–465)	278 (218–478)	332 (220–449)	0.50
CML, nmol·L−1	3378 (3023–3720)	3387 (3140–3644)	3373 (3012–3726)	0.88
CEL, nmol·L−1	1599 (1337–1910)	1595 (1356–1818)	1599 (1326–1918)	0.77
MG-H1, nmol·L−1	1237 (1106–1383)	1215 (1142–1371)	1242 (1100–1383)	0.71
Dicarbonyl compounds
MGO, nmol·L−1	439 (387–491)	433 (392–471)	440 (385–497)	0.62
GO, nmol·L−1	516 (456–592)	492 (425–547)	520 (464–600)	0.046
3-DG, nmol·L−1	1201 (1123–1268)	1222 (1163–1280)	1197 (1120–1264)	0.23

Data are presented as mean ± SD, median (interquartile range), or n (%).

BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; MET, metabolic equivalent; CML, Nε-(carboxymethyl)-lysine; CEL, Nε-(1-carboxyethyl)-lysine; MG-H1, Nδ-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)-ornithine; MGO, methylglyoxal; GO, glyoxal; 3-DG, 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG).