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. 2023 May 23;11:1150522. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1150522

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Copyright © 2023 Vignon, Hilpert, Toupet, Goubaud, Noël, de Kalbermatten, Hénon, Jorgensen, Barbero and Garitaonandia.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Expression levels of pro-inflammatory and ECM-degrading genes in OA chondrocytes after 24 h. Real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction of OA Chondrocytes after 6, 24 and 48 h of monoculture (OA Ch only) or co-culture with 0.1 or 0.25 M ProtheraCytes^®/well (+0.1 M PC and +0.25 M PC, respectively) in the absence (−INFL) or presence (+INFL) of inflammatory cytokines. Values are mean ± SD of measurements from 4 independent donors in 3 replicates. * = p < 0.05, **** = p < 0.0001. ^# = p < 0.05, ^## = p < 0.01, ^### = p < 0.001, ^#### = p < 0.0001 difference between −INFL and +INFL at identical conditions.