Table 3.

Comparison of energy based on the counting of operations between ANN and SNN.

ANN	SNN
Total params	0.12 M	0.12 M
(a) Spike rate	0	0.1366
a(b) #OPANN	18.39 M	0
b(c) #OPSNN	0	2.51 M
cEnergy(10−7J)	845.94	3.09
dANN/SNN Energy	273.77

^a#OP_ANN is the total number of ANN operations if all spiking neurons are replaced with an ANN activation function (e.g., ReLU).

^b#OP_SNN = SpikeRate× #OP_ANN.

^cEnergy = #OP_ANN× 4.6pJ + #OP_SNN× 0.9pJ× SpikeRate.

^dEach operation in ANN (SNN) consumes 4.6 pJ (0.9 pJ). ANN/SNN Energy can be calculated by $\frac{(b)\times 4.6}{(a)\times (c)\times 0.9}$.