TABLE 1.
Demographic data and factors affecting mortality.
| Discharged (n = 606) | Exitus (n = 16) | Totally (n = 622) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean, years) | 74 [65–95] | 78 [65–92] | 75.3 ± 7.5 | 0.313 b |
| Age groups | ||||
| 65–74 y | 313 (51.7) | 7 (43.8) | 320 (51.4%) | 0.449 a |
| 75–84 y | 209 (34.5) | 5 (31.3) | 214 (34.4%) | |
| 85 y and above | 84 (13.9) | 4 (25) | 88 (14.1%) | |
| Type of emergency service admission | ||||
| By ambulance | 354 (58.4) | 16 (100) | 370 (59.5%) | < 0.001 a |
| Outpatient | 252 (41.6) | 0 (0) | 252 (40.5%) | |
| Blood pressure groups | ||||
| Hypotensive | 3 (0.5) | 3 (18.8) | 6 (1) | < 0.001 b |
| Normotensive | 377 (62.2) | 7 (43.8) | 384 (61.7) | |
| Hypertensive | 226 (37.3) | 6 (37.5) | 232 (37.3) | |
| Heart rate (beats/minute) | 80 [51–120] | 80 [62–120] | 80.7 ± 11.9 | 0.261 a |
| Heart rhythm groups | ||||
| Bradycardia | 9 (1.5) | 0 (0) | 9 (1.4) | 0.387 b |
| Normocardia | 566 (93.4) | 14 (87.5) | 580 (93.2) | |
| Tachycardia | 31 (5.1) | 2 (12.5) | 33 (5.3) | |
| Respiratory rate (breaths/minute) | 18 [14–24] | 18 [10–26] | 18 [10–26] | 0.208 a |
| Cranial pathology, if detected | 29 (4.8) | 9 (56.3) | 38 (6.1) | < 0.001 a |
| Subdural hematoma, yes | 12 (41.4) | 7 (77.8) | 19 (50) | 0.124 a |
| Brain contusion, yes | 8 (27.6) | 1 (11.1) | 9 (23.7) | 0.411 a |
| Pneumocephalus, yes | 5 (17.2) | 0 (0) | 5 (13.2) | 0.312 a |
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage, yes | 4 (13.8) | 4 (44.4) | 8 (21.1) | 0.071 a |
| Epidural hematoma, yes | 4 (13.8) | 0 (0) | 4 (10.5) | 0.554 a |
| Brain midline shift, yes | 0 (0) | 1 (11.1) | 1 (2.6) | 0.237 a |
| Additional organ injury, if detected | 226 (37.3) | 9 (56.3) | 235 (37.8) | 0.123 a |
| Thorax injury, yes | 57 (25.2) | 9 (100) | 66 (28.1) | < 0.001 a |
| Abdominal injury, yes | 15 (6.6) | 5 (55.6) | 20 (8.5) | < 0.001 a |
| Upper extremity injury, yes | 100 (44.2) | 2 (22.2) | 102 (43.4) | 0.306 a |
| Lower extremity injury, yes | 65 (28.8) | 2 (22.2) | 67 (28.5) | 0.999 a |
| Pelvis injury, var | 2 (0.9) | 1 (11.1) | 3 (1.3) | 0.111 a |
| Vertebral injury, var | 38 (16.8) | 1 (11.1) | 39 (16.6) | 0.999 a |
| Maxillofacial injury, var | 15 (6.6) | 0 (0) | 15 (6.4) | 0.999 a |
| GCS score (mean) | 15 [5–15] | 12 [6–15] | 15 [5–15] | < 0.001 b |
| Revised Trauma Score (mean) | 12.0 [12.0–12.0] | 11.0 [10.8–12.0] | 12.0 [9.0–12.0] | < 0.001 b |
Note: Descriptive statistics were expressed as median [min–max] values in the case of numerical variables based on the respective distribution characteristics, and as numbers (%) in the case of categorical variables.
Bold values indicates significance.
Abbreviation: GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale.
a
The Mann–Whitney U test was used.
b
The Pearson's chi‐squared, Fisher's exact, or Fisher–Freeman–Halton test was used.