TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of study patients.
| Characteristics | T‐L‐P group (n = 54) | T‐L group (n = 45) | TACE alone (n = 40) | p‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 0.142 | |||
| Median ± SD | 57.0 ± 9.9 | 60.8 ± 9.4 | 58.6 ± 9.4 | |
| Range | 35–79 | 43–80 | 40–74 | |
| Sex | 0.684 | |||
| Male | 49(90.7) | 43 (95.6) | 38 (95.0) | |
| Female | 5(9.3) | 2 (4.4) | 2(5.0) | |
| Chronic hepatitis B | 1.000 | |||
| Yes | 52 (96.3) | 43 (95.6) | 39(97.5) | |
| No | 2 (3.7) | 2 (4.4) | 1(2.5) | |
| Hepatic cirrhosis | 0.708 | |||
| Yes | 20 (37.0) | 13 (28.9) | 14(35.0) | |
| No | 34 (63.0) | 32 (71.1) | 26(65.0) | |
| AFP (ng/mL) | 0.455 | |||
| ≥400 | 14 (25.9) | 7 (15.6) | 8(20.0) | |
| <400 | 40 (74.1) | 38 (84.4) | 32(80.0) | |
| DCP (mAU/mL) | 0.482 | |||
| ≥2050 | 12 (22.2) | 9 (20.0) | 5(12.5) | |
| <2050 | 42 (77.8) | 36 (80.0) | 35(87.5) | |
| MVI | 0.465 | |||
| MVI (−) | 27 (50.0) | 28 (62.2) | 23(57.5) | |
| MVI (+) | 27 (50.0) | 17 (37.8) | 17(42.5) | |
| Tumor size (cm) | 0.134 | |||
| ≥2 | 28 (51.9) | 21 (46.7) | 15(37.5) | |
| <2 | 26 (48.1) | 41 (53.3) | 25(62.5) | |
| Recurrence interval (year) | 0.528 | |||
| <2 | 44 (81.5) | 33 (73.3) | 33(82.5) | |
| ≥2 | 10 (18.5) | 12 (26.7) | 7(17.5) | |
| TB (μmol/L) | 0.129 | |||
| Median ± SD | 22.3 ± 14.2 | 18.2 ± 10.5 | 18.1 ± 8.8 | |
| Range | 6.0–69.2 | 7.1–73.2 | 7.5–56.4 | |
| ALB (g/L) | 0.378 | |||
| Median ± SD | 40.3 ± 6.4 | 41.3 ± 7.4 | 42.2 ± 5.6 | |
| Range | 16.0–55.0 | 17.0–67.4 | 21.0–67.4 | |
| ALT (U/L) | 0.401 | |||
| Median ± SD | 45.1 ± 24.5 | 38.7 ± 24.9 | 44.0 ± 23.9 | |
| Range | 8.0–94.0 | 9.0–107.0 | 9.0–96.0 | |
| AST (U/L) | 0.940 | |||
| Median ± SD | 45.5 ± 20.6 | 46.9 ± 28.4 | 47.0 ± 24.6 | |
| Range | 11.0–86.0 | 14.0–130.0 | 10.0–121.0 | |
| PT (sec) | 0.274 | |||
| Median ± SD | 12.0 ± 1.1 | 11.8 ± 1.0 | 11.7 ± 0.74 | |
| Range | 10.2–15.1 | 10.4–14.3 | 10.6–13.7 | |
| ALBI grade | 0.689 | |||
| 1 | 28 (51.9) | 28 (62.2) | 25 (62.5) | |
| 2 | 25 (46.3) | 16 (35.6) | 15 (37.5) | |
| 3 | 1 (1.9) | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0) | |
| Child–Pugh | 0.663 | |||
| A (5–6) | 49 (90.7) | 42 (93.3) | 35 (87.5) | |
| B (7–8) | 5 (9.3) | 3 (6.7) | 5 (12.5) | |
| ECOG (performance status) | 0.522 | |||
| 0 | 46 (85.2) | 41 (91.1) | 33 (82.5) | |
| 1 | 8 (14.8) | 4 (8.9) | 7(17.5) | |
| HBV‐DNA (IU/mL) | 0.302 | |||
| ≥50 | 6 (11.1) | 4 (8.9) | 1(2.5) | |
| <50 | 48 (88.9) | 41 (91.1) | 39(97.5) | |
| PD‐1 categories | ‐ | |||
| Toripalimab | 30 (55.6) | ‐ | ‐ | |
| Sintilimab | 21 (38.8) | ‐ | ‐ | |
| Camrelizumab | 3 (5.6) | ‐ | ‐ |
Abbreviations: AFP, alpha‐fetoprotein concentration; DCP, Des‐gamma‐carboxy prothrombin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; MVI, microvascular invasion; PT, prothrombin time; TACE, transarterial chemoembolization; TB, total bilirubin; ALB, albumin; T‐L, transarterial chemoembolization plus lenvatinib; T‐L‐P, transarterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib plus programmed cell death protein‐1 inhibitors.