Table I.
Comparison of ELGAN study participants at discharge alive from the NICU, at age 10 years, and at age 15 years
| Characteristics | Discharge alive from NICU (N = 1222), n (%) | Age 10 y (N = 889), n (%) | Age 15 y (N = 694), n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age, y | |||
| <21 | 174 (14) | 115 (13) | 80 (12) |
| 21–35 | 820 (67) | 594 (67) | 445 (67) |
| >35 | 228 (19) | 180 (20) | 144 (22) |
| Unmarried mother | 533 (44) | 353 (40) | 235 (35) |
| Maternal education, y | |||
| ≤12 | 521 (44) | 367 (41) | 250 (37) |
| >12-<16 | 276 (24) | 210 (24) | 153 (23) |
| ≥16 | 378 (32) | 312 (35) | 266 (40) |
| Mother covered by Medicaid or other state-supported medical insurance | 483 (40) | 314 (35) | 217 (32) |
| Race | |||
| Asian, Native American, or mixed race | 153 (13) | 98 (11) | 61 (9) |
| Black | 336 (28) | 227 (26) | 159 (24) |
| White | 722 (60) | 562 (63) | 449 (67) |
| Hispanic | |||
| Yes | 147 (12) | 86 (9.7) | 57 (8.6) |
| No | 1068 (88) | 800 (90) | 609 (91) |
| Maternal prepregnancy BMI, kg/m2 | |||
| <18.5 | 91 (7.8) | 68 (7.9) | 47 (7.3) |
| 18.5–<30 | 824 (70) | 595 (69) | 444 (69) |
| ≥30 | 256 (22) | 194 (23) | 154 (24) |
| Cesarean delivery | 809 (66) | 590 (66) | 440 (66) |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 638 (52) | 455 (51) | 341 (51) |
| Female | 584 (48) | 434 (49) | 328 (49) |
| Multiple gestation | 365 (32) | 293 (35) | 236 (38) |
| Gestational age, wk | |||
| 23–24 | 251 (21) | 187 (21) | 144 (22) |
| 25–26 | 562 (46) | 400 (45) | 305 (46) |
| 27 | 409 (34) | 302 (34) | 220 (33) |
| Birth weight, g | |||
| ≤750 | 448 (37) | 332 (37) | 253 (38) |
| 750–1000 | 529 (43) | 382 (43) | 284 (43) |
| >1000 | 245 (20) | 175 (20) | 132 (20) |
| Birth weight z-score <−2 | 65 (5.3) | 53 (6.0) | 41 (6.1) |
| Average daily weight gain in NICU | |||
| Lowest quartile | 301 (25) | 207 (23) | 156 (23) |
| Highest quartile | 308 (25) | 225 (25) | 167 (25) |
| Bacteremia | 382 (31) | 279 (31) | 205 (30) |
| White matter injury on neonatal ultrasound | 246 (20) | 188 (21) | 138 (21) |
| Severe retinopathy of prematurity | 162 (14) | 118 (14) | 94 (14) |
| Medical necrotizing enterocolitis | 11 (0.9) | 8 (0.9) | 5 (0.7) |
| Surgical necrotizing enterocolitis | 45 (3.7) | 32 (3.6) | 25 (3.7) |
| Spontaneous intestinal perforation | 36 (2.9) | 29 (3.3) | 20 (3.0) |
| Chronic lung disease | 616 (50) | 461 (52) | 357 (51) |