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. 2023 Jun 6;23:355. doi: 10.1186/s12877-023-04039-1

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Results of the Multiple Parallel Mediation Model

Notes. The effect of housework on survival is partially mediated by physical health and mental health, but not by cognitive functioning. This analysis controlled for age, sex, education, living status, marital status, and subjective social status for both the mediators and the outcome variable. Indicated values represent each path coefficient and standard error. *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001, n.s. = not significant