Table 1.
Detailed summary of health-related and non-health related categories for kratom use.
| 1st Domain | 2nd Domain Conditions | 3rd Domain |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditions | Counts | Ailments | Counts | |
|
| ||||
| Health-related kratom uses | Mental health conditions | 1911 | Anxiety | 941 |
| Depression | 673 | |||
| PTSD | 43 | |||
| ADHD | 35 | |||
| Bipolar disorder | 15 | |||
| OCD | 8 | |||
| Pain | 1873 | Chronic pain | 848 | |
| Unspecified pain | 791 | |||
| Back pain | 529 | |||
| Neuropathic pain | 317 | |||
| Accident-related pain | 208 | |||
| Cancer pain | 55 | |||
| Knee pain | 53 | |||
| Pain related to combat injury | 37 | |||
| Joint pain | 31 | |||
| Menstrual pain | 27 | |||
| CRPS | 24 | |||
| Trigeminal neuralgia | 20 | |||
| Diabetic neuropathy | 13 | |||
| Neck pain | 12 | |||
| Foot pain | 12 | |||
| Hip pain | 11 | |||
| Facet joint syndrome | 10 | |||
| Amputation pain | 3 | |||
| Tendonitis | 3 | |||
| Muscle pain | 2 | |||
| Myofascial pain | 1 | |||
| Burn pain | 1 | |||
| Substance use disorder | 1635 | Opiate/opioid | 1121 | |
| Alcohol | 348 | |||
| Unspecified | 123 | |||
| Stimulant | 17 | |||
| Benzodiazepine | 12 | |||
| Nicotine | 10 | |||
| Cannabis | 4 | |||
| Miscellaneous | 838 | Focus | 272 | |
| Well-being | 196 | |||
| Insomnia | 127 | |||
| Improved quality of life | 113 | |||
| Fatigue | 99 | |||
| Endometriosis | 19 | |||
| Lyme disease | 17 | |||
| Pancreatitis | 14 | |||
| Tinnitus | 13 | |||
| Hypertension | 10 | |||
| Interstitial cystitis | 9 | |||
| Thoracic outlet syndrome | 7 | |||
| Osteomyelitis | 5 | |||
| Ehlers-danlos syndrome | 5 | |||
| Anemia | 4 | |||
| COPD | 4 | |||
| Diabetes | 3 | |||
| Appetite control | 3 | |||
| PCOS | 3 | |||
| Others | 1 | |||
| Rheumatic diseases | 613 | Arthritis | 256 | |
| Fibromyalgia | 151 | |||
| Osteoarthritis | 61 | |||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 53 | |||
| Lupus | 22 | |||
| Psoriatic arthritis | 22 | |||
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 14 | |||
| Carpal tunnel | 9 | |||
| Osteoporosis | 7 | |||
| Gout | 5 | |||
| Sjögren Syndrome | 4 | |||
| Osteogenesis | 4 | |||
| Ankylosis | 1 | |||
| Spondyloarthritis | 1 | |||
| Polymyalgia | 1 | |||
| Degenerative spine diseases | 247 | Degenerative disc disease | 91 | |
| Herniated disc | 74 | |||
| Stenosis | 44 | |||
| Sciatica | 38 | |||
| Neurological diseases | 147 | Migraines | 65 | |
| Restless leg syndrome | 38 | |||
| Multiple sclerosis | 14 | |||
| Narcolepsy | 12 | |||
| Myelitis | 8 | |||
| Encephalitis | 3 | |||
| Epilepsy/seizures | 2 | |||
| Cerebral palsy | 2 | |||
| Guillain-barre syndrome | 1 | |||
| Raynaud’s syndrome | 1 | |||
| Parkinson disease | 1 | |||
| Digestive diseases | 96 | IBS | 28 | |
| Crohn’s disease | 21 | |||
| Digestive issues | 16 | |||
| Diverticulitis | 9 | |||
| Colitis | 7 | |||
| Gastroparesis | 5 | |||
| Short bowel syndrome | 3 | |||
| Indigestion | 2 | |||
| Heartburn | 1 | |||
| IBD | 1 | |||
| Non-health-related uses | Against ban but no medical ailment stated | 832 | N/A | N/A |
| Abuse | 123 | N/A | N/A | |
| Recreational use | 2 | N/A | N/A | |
*
Other means that there was one count of each of the following ailments: hidradenitis suppurativa, angina, pelvic floor disorder, non-allergic rhinitis, autoimmune thyroid disease, Bell’s palsy, Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, avascular necrosis, esophageal necrosis, vasculitis, benign fasciculation syndrome, and tardive dyskinesia.
Abbreviations: ADHD: attention-deficit hyperactive disorder, COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CRPS: complex regional pain syndrome, IBS: irritable bowel syndrome, IBD: inflammatory bowel disease, OCD: obsessive-compulsive disorder, PCOS: polycystic ovarian syndrome, PTSD: post-traumatic stress disorder.