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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jun 24.
Published in final edited form as: Science. 2022 May 26;376(6600):1481–1487. doi: 10.1126/science.abq3048

Fig. 1. Lactonization via activation of methylene C─H bonds.

Fig. 1

(A) Natural products with lactonization at methylene carbons (B) Two major challenges for site-selective C─H lactonization of dicarboxylic acids (C) Three modes of lactonization by ligand-control.