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. 2023 Mar 6;47(3):415–425. doi: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0177

Table 4.

Cox proportional hazards multivariable models for the association between eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine ratio and prevalence of baPWV ≥1,550 cm/sec and carotid plaque

eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine ratio HR (95% CI)

<0.9 0.9–1.1 (Reference) >1.1
baPWV ≥1,550 cm/sec
 Total subjects
  Eventsa 51 (63.0) 74 (42.0) 206 (34.2)
  Model 1 1.55 (1.08–2.23) 1 1.03 (0.78–1.35)
  Model 2 1.60 (1.11–2.30) 1 0.99 (0.74–1.32)
 Subjects without CKD
  Eventsa 14 (45.2) 34 (32.4) 106 (29.9)
  Model 1 2.38 (1.26–4.50) 1 0.97 (0.65–1.45)
  Model 2 2.97 (1.53–5.74) 1 1.00 (0.65–1.54)
 Subjects with CKD
  Eventsa 37 (74.0) 40 (56.3) 100 (40.3)
  Model 1 1.60 (1.01–2.54) 1 1.05 (0.71–1.55)
  Model 2 1.44 (0.90–2.30) 1 0.96 (0.64–1.44)

Carotid plaque
 Total subjects
  Eventsb 31 (38.3) 38 (21.6) 104 (17.2)
  Model 1 1.78 (1.09–2.88) 1 0.90 (0.61–1.32)
  Model 2 1.77 (1.07–2.91) 1 0.88 (0.59–1.32)
 Subjects without CKD
  Eventsb 8 (25.8) 16 (15.2) 3 (14.9)
  Model 1 3.50 (1.47–8.36) 1 0.78 (0.44–1.38)
  Model 2 4.58 (1.81–11.60) 1 0.75 (0.40–1.39)
 Subjects with CKD
  Eventsb 23 (46.0) 22 (31.0) 51 (20.6)
  Model 1 1.71 (0.94–3.13) 1 0.90 (0.53–1.53)
  Model 2 1.65 (0.89–3.07) 1 0.92 (0.53–1.61)

Values are presented as number (%). Model 1: adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, duration of diabetes, and glycosylated hemoglobin; Model 2: adjusted for Model 1+pulse pressure, antiplatelet therapy, intima-media thickness, ankle-brachial index, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and uric acid.

eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; baPWV, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease.

a

“Events” is the number of individuals who have baPWV ≥1,550 cm/sec,

b

“Events” is the number of individuals who have carotid plaque.