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. 2023 May 24;14:1172743. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1172743

Table 2.

Demographic-socio-econimic characteristics of infants and caregivers.

Overall
N = 104 1
Child characteristics
Child sex female 43 (41%)
male 61 (59%)
Gestational age at delivery (weeks) 39 (39, 40)
Not specified 1
Delivery mode Caesarean 23 (22%)
Natural 81 (78%)
Weight Percentile at birth* 57 (35, 72)
Height Percentile at birth* 60 (47, 74)
Head Circumference Percentile at birth* 83 (54, 83)
Maternal characteristics
Mother’s age at delivery (years) 34 (31, 37)
Mother Citizenship Italian 98 (94%)
Not Italian 6 (5.8%)
Mother’s Educational level Up to Middle School 1 (1.0%)
High School 29 (28%)
Bachelor or more 74 (71%)
Mother’s Working status** High class 35 (34%)
Middle class 19 (18%)
Not working 13 (12%)
Working class 37 (36%)
Mother’s BMI before pregnancy <18.5 4 (3.9%)
18.5-<25 77 (75%)
25-<30 16 (16%)
>=30 6 (5.8%)
Not specified 1
Smoking during pregnancy No 98 (95%)
Yes 5 (4.9%)
Not specified 1
Alcohol consumption during pregnancy No 80 (77%)
Yes 24 (23%)
Paternal characteristics
Father’s age (years) 37 (34, 41)
Father Citizenship Italian 100 (96%)
Not Italian 4 (3.8%)
Father’s Educational level Up to Middle School 4 (4.2%)
High School 49 (51%)
Bachelor or more 43 (45%)
Not specified 8
Father’s Working status** High class 25 (27%)
Middle class 11 (12%)
Not working 1 (1.1%)
Working class 56 (60%)
Not specified 11

n(%) or median (IQR).*Antropometric percentiles according to WHO (33) **According to the European Socio-economic Groups (ESeG) classification (32). 1number of participants.