Table 1.

Characteristics of some medically important tick-borne viruses.

Virus name	Classification (family, genus)	Genome description	Distribution	Principal tick vector
Bourbon virus (BRBV)	Orthomyxoviridae, Thogotovirus	Segmented negative-stranded RNA	Eastern Asia, China, Japan	Haemaphysalis longicornis
Powassan virus (POWV)	Flaviviridae, Flavivirus	Positive stranded RNA	North America, Russian Federation	Ixodes scapularis, Ixodes cookei
Deer tick virus (DTV)	Flaviviridae, Flavivirus	Positive stranded RNA	North America	Ixodes scapularis
Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus (OHFV)	Flaviviridae, Flavivirus	Non-segmented positive ssRNA	Western Siberian regions	D. reticulatus, Ixodes persulcatus
Colorado tick fever virus (CTFV)	Spinareoviridae, Coltivirus	segmented double-stranded RNA	Western America, Canada	Dermacentor andersoni
Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV)	Bunyaviridae, Nairovirus	Tri-segmented negative-stranded RNA	Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe	Hyalomma marginatum
Heartland virus (HRTV)	Bunyaviridae, Phlebovirus	Tri-segmented negative-stranded RNA	North America	Amblyomma americanum
Kyasanur forest disease virus (KFDV)	Flaviviridae, Flavivirus	Positive stranded RNA	Southern India	Haemaphysalis spinigera