Table 1.
Study, Sample Size, Participant and Intervention Characteristics of Included Studies.
| Study (year) |
Sample Size (n = m) |
Participant Characteristics |
Intervention Characteristics |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MeanAge (SD) |
DoD (SD) |
H&Y (SD) |
MDS-UPDRS;I (SD) |
MDS-UPDRS Total (SD) | LDOPA (mg) (SD) | On/ Off State |
Intervention | Characteristics | Dose | ||
| Albrecht et al., 2021 [48] | IG: 34 (20) |
70.2 (5.8) | 5.7 (4.5) |
2.1 (0.3) |
8.9 (5.4) |
52.3 (20.7) |
610.5 (355.8) |
On | IG1: HiBalance | IG: Small group sessions of gait and balance training | IG: 10w-2 × 1hr/w |
| CG: 31 (20) | 70.4 (6.1) | 4.5 (3.4) | 2.2 (0.4) |
8.9 (5.5) |
46.7 (16.0) |
458.3 (293.2) | On | CG: Active Control | CG: Speech training + Active control | CG: 10w-1 × 1hr/w | |
| Amara et al., 2020 [47] | IG: 27 (16) | 65.3 (8.1) | 8.8 (1.0) |
56.4 (18.1) |
IG1: Combined RT + BWFM | IG: Exercises (x5) to improve strength and muscle mass (3 s @ 8-12reps) + Trunk to improve postural stability + 3-4BW exercises to improve power and balance (50 reps each) | IG: 16w-3sx/w | ||||
| CG: 28 (19) | 65.8 (5.1) | 9.7 (1.2) |
50.0 (20.9) |
CG: Sleep Hygiene | CG: Discussion with sleep medicine physician | CG: 30-60mins every 4w | |||||
| Duncan et al., 2012 [49] | IG: 26 (15) | 69.3 (1.9) |
5.8 (1.1) | 2.6 (1.0) |
10.6 (4.9) |
Off | IG1: Community-Based Tango Program | IG: Participants altered between leader and follower, learnt new steps and changed partners frequently throughout 12mnths. | IG: 52w- 2 × 1hr/w | ||
| CG: 26 (15) | 69.0 (1.5) | 7.0 (1.0) | 2.5 (1.0) |
12.4 (6.7) |
Off | CG: Usual Care Control | CG: usual care, no prescribed exercise | NA | |||
| Michels et al., 2018 [50] | IG: 9 | 66.4 | 2.1 (0.3) |
11.8 (5.4) |
55.4 (15.8) |
IG1: Dance Therapy | IG: Combined dance and talk therapy | IG: 10w- 1hr /w | |||
| CG: 4 | 75.5 | 2.5 (1.0) |
10 (3.6) |
65.7 (13.0) |
CG: Control (Support) Group | CG: Group discussions of PD interventions and interventional management strategies | CG: 10w- 1hr/w | ||||
| Nadeau et al., 2014 [46] | IG1: 12 (8) | 64.0 (6.6) | 1.9 (0.2) |
3.5 (2.3) |
53.5 (16.0) |
IG1: Speed Treadmill Training | IG1: 5 min warm up, 45 min session (walking only), 5 min cool down. Commenced at 80% of participants preferred walking speed. When participants reached 100% + RPE was ≤ 4 on modified BORG scale + <75% HRm midway through previous session, speed was increased 0.2 km・h−1 in next session | IG1: 24w- 3 × 1hr/e | |||
| IG2: 11 (10) | 60.0 (6.8) | 1.9 (0.1) |
1.4 (1.0) |
40.5 (8.3) |
IG2: Mixed Treadmill Training | IG2: Same progression criteria as IG1. When criteria were met, treadmill incline (+1%) and treadmill speed (0.2 km・h-1) were alternately increased |
IG2: 24w- 3 × 1hr/e | ||||
| CG: 11 (9) | 64.3 (5.6) | 1.8 (0.2) |
2.6 (2.5) |
34.3 (12.9) |
CG: Active Control | CG: “Viactive” program - low-intensity at home exercise | CG: 24w- 2 × 1hr (home) | ||||
| Abbreviations: Control Group, CG; Hour; hr; Heart Rate Max, HRm; Interventional Group 1, IG1; Interventional Group 2, IG2; Standard Deviation, SD; Week, w. Grey shaded areas indicate data was not available and/or provided. | |||||||||||