Figure 3.
Porcine gastric mucin (PGM) O-glycan degrading ability differs among the WT, BbhI−, BbhIV−, BbhV−, and BbhI−/BbhIV−strains of B. bifidum.A and B, the growth of wildtype (WT) and mutant (BbhI−, BbhIV−, BbhV−, and BbhI−/BbhIV−) strains of B. bifidum JCM 1254 in the modified de Man-Rogosa-Sharpe medium supplemented with 0.5% PGM (A) or Lac (B). The circles and whiskers represent mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Symbols used are indicated on the right. C, estimated total amounts of O-glycans obtained from PGM incubated with B. bifidum variants for 24 h (see Table S2 for glycan composition and semiquantification). The bars and whiskers represent mean ± SD of three independent experiments. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test was used for the statistical analysis. Different letters (a and b) indicate significant differences among the groups (p < 0.05). p-Values are shown in Fig. S5. Note that the noninoculated sample was excluded from the statistical analysis. D, volcano plots comparing the estimated amount of each of O-glycan peaks obtained from BbhI−, BbhIV−, BbhV−, or BbhI−/BbhIV−-inoculated PGM sample with that obtained from WT-inoculated sample. Fold changes and their q-values were used for plotting to identify peaks whose abundances changed by more than 2-fold with q-values of less than 0.05. The q-values are the adjusted p-values obtained by multiple t tests with false discovery rate correction (74). The m/z values of the peaks of interest are shown.