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. 2023 May 27;9(6):e16402. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16402

Table 2.

Summary of a different methods of the DT of BSF larvae to biodiesel.

Method Type of Insect and Reaction Condition Biodiesel Conversion/Yield Ref.
Reflux BSF; ratio hexane: methanol of 1:2 (v/v); ratio BSF larvae: solvent of 1:6; H2SO4 loading of 1.2 mL; 120 °C and 90 min. 94.14% [44]
Reflux BSF; ratio BSF larvae: methanol of 1:8 (wt/v); ratio BSF larvae to catalyst of 1:16 (wt/v); 110 °C and 60 min. 96.2% [38]
CCD BSF; ratio BSF larvae: methanol of 1:2 (wt/v); NaOH concentration of 7 wt%; room temperature and 20 min. 93.8% This study
Thermal induced BSF; ratio BSF larvae: methanol of 1:10 (w/w), 390 °C and 1 min. 94.1% [12]