TABLE 3.
ECG and echocardiographic measurements at randomization (starts).
| Control | Experimental | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | N | Estimate | N | Estimate | p‐value |
| ECG measurements | |||||
| Sokolow‐Lyon index, mV | 60 | 2.29 (0.75) | 62 | 2.33 (0.74) | .775 |
| R‐wave in aVl, mV | 60 | 0.64 (0.32) | 61 | 0.60 (0.28) | .527 |
| Cornell product mV × ms | 57 | 116.8 (72.3) | 61 | 130.8 (66.6) | .277 |
| ECG LVH, n (%) | 60 | 9 (15.0) | 62 | 6 (9.7) | .596 |
| M‐mode LV structure | |||||
| Aortic root diameter, mm | 62 | 29.5 (4.2) | 68 | 29.7 (4.6) | .753 |
| Left atrial diameter, mm | 62 | 36.3 (6.5) | 64 | 36.3 (5.2) | .725 |
| Ratio of left atrial‐to‐aorta diameter | 62 | 1.27 (0.28) | 64 | 1.25 (0.25) | .705 |
| Interventricular septum, mm | 62 | 10.9 (2.07) | 68 | 11.1 (2.09) | .662 |
| Posterior wall thickness, mm | 62 | 10.6 (1.63) | 68 | 10.7 (1.77) | .840 |
| End‐diastolic diameter, mm | 62 | 43.9 (5.3) | 68 | 44.6 (7.8) | .521 |
| End systolic diameter, mm | 61 | 27.1 (5.2) | 68 | 28.7 (6.7) | .152 |
| Relative wall thickness | 62 | 49.9 (9.9) | 68 | 50.7 (13.5) | .721 |
| LV mass, g | 62 | 166.1 (46.2) | 68 | 173.4 (52.0) | .402 |
| LV mass index, g/m2 | 62 | 90.5 (30.9) | 68 | 89.1 (23.5) | .787 |
| Echocardiographic LVH, n (%) | 62 | 9 (14.5) | 68 | 8 (11.8) | .838 |
| LV systolic function | |||||
| Fractional shortening, % | 61 | 37.8 (8.4) | 68 | 35.4 (7.6) | .090 |
| Ejection fraction, % | 62 | 68.3 (11.1) | 68 | 64.7 (9.9) | .050 |
| Stroke volume, mL | 62 | 60.5 (19.9) | 68 | 60.5 (22.4) | .985 |
| Stroke volume index, mL/m2 | 62 | 33.1 (13.2) | 68 | 31.2 (10.9) | .368 |
| Cardiac output, L/min | 61 | 4.15 (1.49) | 66 | 4.30 (1.83) | .605 |
| LV diastolic function | |||||
| Isovolumetric relaxation time, ms | 58 | 104 (22) | 65 | 104 (30) | .974 |
| Transmitral E/A ratio | 62 | 0.99 (0.43) | 67 | 0.93 (0.28) | .371 |
| Mitral annular e’/a’ ratio | 62 | 0.90 (0.48) | 65 | 0.78 (0.30) | .102 |
| E/e’ ratio | 62 | 8.46 (1.93) | 66 | 7.86 (2.50) | .127 |
| LV diastolic dysfunction, N (%) | 62 | 19 (30.6) | 66 | 23 (34.8) | .751 |
Additional echocardiographic measurements are available in Table S5 .
Abbreviations: LV, left ventricular; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; N, number of participants with data in group.