. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jun 7.

Published in final edited form as: Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2022 Aug 10;29(8):736–744. doi: 10.1038/s41594-022-00806-7

Table 2.

Organization of ecDNA hubs and chromosomes.

ecDNA hubs (“Extrasomes”)	Chromosomes
10–100s of ecDNAs in proximity and interact with one another; tethered by proteins	Endogenous gene loci covalently linked; one long piece of DNA per chromosome
Regulatory elements such as enhancers interact with target genes in cis and in trans	Regulatory elements primarily interact with genes in cis within the same TAD
ecDNA hubs coalesce during interphase but can dynamically break into smaller clusters of ecDNAs during mitosis	Chromosomes are dispersed during interphase and condense during mitosis