Table 1. Demographic characteristics of subjects from the association between BMI obesity and sarcopenia.
| BMI Obesity | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Total, %(n) | Sarcopenic obesity,1.6% (n = 6) | Sarcopenia without obesity, 18.1% (n = 67) | Obesity only, 21.8% (n = 81) | Controls, 58.5% (n = 217) | p-value* | |
| Gender | |||||||
| Men | 46.1(171) | 16.7(1) | 49.3 (33) | 38.3 (31) | 48.8 (106) | 0.174 | |
| Women | 53.9 (200) | 83.3 (5) | 50.7 (34) | 61.7 (50) | 51.2 (111) | ||
| Mean age (years) ± SD | 78.15 ± 7.22 | 81.25 ± 6.84 | 82.65 ± 6.70 | 75.82 ± 6.99 | 77.79 ± 6.94 | <0.001 | |
| Race | |||||||
| Caucasian | 66.7 (251) | 83.3 (5) | 71.6 (48) | 66.7 (54) | 66.4 (144) | 0.040 | |
| Black | 29.1 (108) | 16.7 (1) | 17.9 (12) | 33.3 (27) | 31.3 (68) | ||
| Asian | 3.2 (12) | 0 (0.0) | 10.4 (7) | 0.0 (0) | 2.3 (5) | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 40.2 (149) | 50.0 (3) | 37.3 (25) | 51.6 (41) | 36.9 (80) | 0.162 | |
| Hypertension | 93.3 (349) | 100.0 (6) | 94.0 (63) | 95.1 (77) | 92.2 (200) | 0.729 | |
| Heart failure | 28.3 (105) | 50.0 (3) | 31.3 (21) | 33.3 (27) | 24.9 (54) | 0.267 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 17.8 (66) | 20.0 (1) | 20.9 (14) | 16.0 (13) | 17.5 (38) | 0.893 | |
| Prior cancer | 13.5 (50) | 16.7 (1) | 20.9 (14) | 9.9 (8) | 12.4 (27) | 0.210 | |
| Stroke | 10.8 (40) | 33.3 (2) | 11.9 (8) | 8.6 (7) | 10.6 (23) | 0.283 | |
| Osteoarthritis | 35.1 (129) | 50.0 (3) | 29.9 (20) | 46.3 (37) | 32.2 (69) | 0.087 | |
| Falls in prior six months | 28.8 (107) | 16.7 (1) | 37.3 (25) | 25.9 (21) | 27.6 (60) | 0.356 | |
| Alcohol history, | 13.2 (49) | 16.7 (1) | 11.9 (8) | 9.9 (8) | 14.7 (32) | 0.725 | |
| Smoking history | 47.3 (175) | 40.0 (2) | 44.8 (30) | 43.2 (35) | 49.8 (108) | 0.730 | |
| Physical performance | |||||||
| Grip strength (kg mean ± SD) | 23.64 ± 7.87 | 15.25 ± 3.01 | 16.68 ± 5.24 | 24.35 ± 7.49 | 25.38 ± 7.57 | <0.001 | |
| Walking speed (m/s mean ± SD) | 0.78 ± 0.38 | 0.42 ± 0.15 | 0.61 ± 0.29 | 0.76 ± 0.30 | 0.83 ± 0.41 | <0.001 | |
| Body composition | |||||||
| Total body fat % mean ± SD | 38.78 ± 9.55 | 49.10 ± 5.85 | 36.28 ± 9.62 | 45.87 ± 6.78 | 36.57 ± 9.01 | <0.001 | |
| ASLM (kg/m2 mean ± SD) | 6.66 ± 1.16 | 5.91 ± 0.37 | 5.64 ± 0.73 | 7.52 ± 1.10 | 6.69 ± 1.03 | <0.001 | |
| BMI (kg/m2 mean ± SD) | 27.03 ± 4.66 | 32.02 ± 1.56 | 23.19 ± 3.30 | 33.26 ± 2.99 | 25.55 ± 2.93 | <0.001 | |
ASLM: appendicular skeletal lean mass index; BMI: body mass index; TBF: total body fat percentage.
*
The Pearson's Chi-square test was used for categorical data and one-way analysis of variance for continuous variables.