Table 3. Demographic characteristics of frail and non-frail subjects.
| Total, % (n = 371) | Frailty, % (n = 143) | Non frailty % (n = 228) | p* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||||
| Men | 46.6 (173) | 39.9 (57) | 50.9 (116) | 0.025 | |
| Women | 53.4 (198) | 60.1 (80) | 49.1 (112) | ||
| Age, Years | 78.2 (6.9) | 81.1(6.7) | 76.3 (6.4) | <0.001 | |
| Race | |||||
| Caucasian | 68.2 (253) | 70.6 (101) | 66.7 (152) | 0.671 | |
| Black | 28.6 (106) | 25.9 (37) | 30.3 (69) | ||
| Asian | 3.2 (12) | 3.5 (5) | 3.1 (7) | ||
| Hypertension | 93.3 (346) | 93.7 (134) | 93 (212) | 0.835 | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 40.7 (151) | 39.9 (57) | 41.2 (94) | 0.829 | |
| Heart failure | 28.3 (105) | 35.0 (50) | 24.1 (55) | 0.025 | |
| Osteoarthritis | 35.7 (131) | 37.3 (53) | 34.7 (78) | 0.655 | |
| Falls in the prior six months | 28.3 (105) | 34.3 (49) | 24.6 (56) | 0.645 | |
| Stroke | 10.8 (40) | 11.9 (17) | 10.1 (23) | 0.609 | |
| Chronic kidney diseases | 18.1 (67) | 21.1 (30) | 16.2 (37) | 0.267 | |
| Previous cancer | 13.2 (49) | 14.0 (20) | 12.7 (29) | 0.759 | |
| Alcohol history | 13.2 (49) | 12.6 (18) | 13.6 (31) | 0.875 | |
| Smoke history | 47.3 (175) | 41.5 (59) | 50.9 (116) | 0.087 | |
| Physical performance | |||||
| Grip strength (kg mean ± SD) | 23.3 (7.8) | 18.6 (7.0) | 26.3 (6.8) | <0.001 | |
| Walking speed (m/s mean ± SD | 0.76 (0.4) | 0.53 (0.2) | 0.91 (0.4) | <0.001 | |
| Body composition | |||||
| Total body fat % mean ± SD | 38.23 (9.4) | 38.95 (8.7) | 37.77 (9.8) | 0.235 | |
| ASLM (kg/m2 mean ± SD) | 0.42 (0.5) | 0.50 (0.5) | 0.36 (0.5) | 0.009 | |
| BMI (kg/m2 mean ± SD) | 26.7 (4.6) | 26.19 (4.6) | 27.16 (4.5) | 0.053 | |
*
The Pearson's Chi-square test was used for categorical data and one-way analysis of variance for continuous variables.