Table 3.

Proportional hazard models of depression predicting heart failure.

	HR (95%CI)
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 2+medication and family history of CVD
None	Ref	Ref	Ref
Mide	2.30 (1.42, 3.73)	2.26 (1.38, 3.69)	2.25 (1.35, 3.71)
Moderate-severe	1.65 (0.82, 3.33)	1.47 (0.72, 2.99)	1.52 (0.73, 3.14)
P for trend	0.01	0.03	0.03
PHQ9 continuous	1.06 (1.01, 1.11)	1.05 (1.01, 1.10)	1.05 (1.01, 1.10)
Ref	Ref		Ref
Ever depression (N = 1,571)	2.43 (1.37, 4.31)	2.23 (1.25, 3.98)	2.11 (1.16, 3.75)
Persistent depression (N = 479)	2.54 (1.25, 5.18)	2.13 (1.05, 4.44)	2.19 (1.11, 4.51)

Model 1: age, race, sex, glucose control strategy, CVD history, living along, education status, cigarette and alcohol consumption.

Model 2: age, race, sex, glucose control strategy, CVD history, living along, education status, cigarette and alcohol consumption, BMI, Total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL, SBP, DBP, HR, GFR.

Medication including ARB, ACEI, β-blocker, Sulphonylurea, Metformin, Meglitinide, Thiazolidinedione, Insulin, Statin, Aspirin, Anti-depression drug.

CVD, cardiovascular disease; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HR, heart rate; GFR, Glomerular filtration rate.