Table 2.
UCLA Loneliness Scale Structures Explored.
| Version | Number of items | Baseline model
df (RMSEA considered?) |
Items | Parent version |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UCLA-LS-4 | ||||
| Russell et al. (1980) | 4 | 2 (N) | 1, 13, 15, 18 | UCLA-LSR, UCLA-LS3 |
| Roberts et al. (1993) | 4 | 2 (N) | 2, 7, 11, 14 | UCLA-LSR, UCLA-LS3 |
| UCLA-LS-7 | ||||
| Oshagan & Allen (1992) | 7 | 14 (N) | 2, 3, 11, 12, 13, 14, 18 | UCLA-LSR |
| UCLA-LS-8 | ||||
| Roberts et al. (1993) | 8 | 20 (Y) | 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 11, 14, 15 | UCLA-LSR |
| Hays & DiMatteo (1987) | 8 | 20 (Y) | 2, 3, 9, 11, 14, 15, 17, 18 | UCLA-LSR |
| UCLA-LS-9 | ||||
| Hawkley et al. (2005) | 9 | 24 (Y) | F1: 2, 11, 14 F2: 19, 20, 10 F3: 1, 6, 5 |
UCLA-LSR, UCLA-LS3 |
| UCLA-LS-10 | ||||
| Russell (1996) | 10 | 35 (Y) | 2, 6, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19, 20 | UCLA-LSR, UCLA-LS3 |
| Knight et al. (1988) version1 – one-factor | 10 | 35 (Y) | 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 11, 16, 18, 19 | UCLA-LSR |
| Knight et al. (1988) version1 – two-factor | 10 | 34 (Y) | F1: 1, 4, 6, 16, 19 F2: 2, 7, 8, 11, 18 |
|
| Knight et al. (1988) version2 – one-factor | 10 | 35 (Y) | 3, 5, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 20 | UCLA-LSR |
| Knight et al. (1988) version2 – two-factor | 34 (Y) | F1: 3, 12, 13, 14, 17 F2: 5, 9, 10, 15, 20 |
||
| UCLA-LS-20 | ||||
| Russell et al. (1980) – one-factor | 20 | 170 (Y) | 1–20 | |
| Russell et al. (1980) – two-factor | 20 | 169 (Y) | F1: 2, 3, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18 F2: 1, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 15, 16, 19, 20 |
UCLA-LSR, UCLA-LS3 |
| Hawkley et al. (2005) – three-factor | 20 | 167 (Y) | F1: 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18 F2: 10, 15, 16, 19, 20 F3: 1, 5, 6, 9 |
UCLA-LSR |
| McWhirter (1990) – three-factor | 20 | 167 (Y) | F1: 2, 3, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18 F2: 10, 16, 19, 20 F3: 1, 4, 5, 6, 9, 15 |
UCLA-LSR |
Note. UCLA = University of California Los Angeles; RMSEA = root mean square error of approximation; UCLA-LS-4 = University of California Los Angeles, Loneliness Scale-4-item measures; UCLA-LSR = 20-item Revised University of California Los Angeles, Loneliness Scale; UCLA-LS3 = University of California Los Angeles, Loneliness Scale Version 3; UCLA-LS-7 = University of California Los Angeles, Loneliness Scale-7-item measures; UCLA-LS-8 = University of California Los Angeles, Loneliness Scale-8-item measures; UCLA-LS-9 = University of California Los Angeles, Loneliness Scale-9-item measures; UCLA-LS-10 = University of California Los Angeles, Loneliness Scale-10-item measures; UCLA-LS-20 = University of California Los Angeles, Loneliness Scale-20-item measures.