Table 2. Genetic aberrations reported in PCNSL, gene-related functions, type of genetic aberration, and prognosis in DLBCL.

Gene	Genetic aberration	Function	Prognosis in DLBCL
CD79B	Mutation	BCR complex; activation of the NF-κB pathway	Worse
CARD11	Mutation	BCM complex; activation of the NF-κB pathway	No association
MYD88	Mutation	Activation of the NF-κB pathway	Worse
CDKN2A	Loss	Cell-cycle G1 control	Worse
ETV6	Mutation	Required for hematopoiesis and vascular network development	Unknown
TNFAIP3	Mutation	Inhibition of NF-κB activation and TNF-mediated apoptosis	No association
TBL1XR1	Mutation	Transcriptional co-factor: regulates ETV6 activity	No association
PRDM1	Mutation	Tumor suppressor: terminal differentiation of B-cells	No association
PIM1	Mutation	Serine/threonine protein kinase involved in cell proliferation and survival	Unknown
TOX	Homozygous deletion	B-cell differentiation; T cell development regulation	No association
PD-L1	Copy number gains at chromosome 9p24.1	Immunocorrelation programmed death ligand	Unknown

BCM, BCL10, CARD11 and MALT1 complex; BCR, B-cell receptor complex; DLBCL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B; PCNSL, primary central nervous system lymphoma; PD-L1, programmed death ligand-1; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.