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. 2023 Jun 7;6(6):e2316383. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.16383

Table 3. List of the Top 10 Unanswered Research Questions Focused on Concussion.

Rank Question
1 What factors or tests best predict a prolonged recovery from concussion (known as postconcussion syndrome), and how can this information be used to develop a tailored strategy to manage the symptoms and support recovery?
2 After a concussion, what is the best timing and approach to return to cognitive activities in educational settings (eg, school or university) and work settings to give the best outcome?
3 What is the effectiveness of early referral and treatment by a concussion specialist team (eg, with combined medical assessment, physical therapies, mental health support, and other rehabilitation services) on concussion outcomes and length of recovery?
4 After a concussion, what is the best approach for a return to physical activity, exercise, and sports (ie, timing, type, and intensity of activity) to give the best outcome?
5 What is the most effective way to manage headache associated with concussion, and should people with a prior diagnosis of migraine be treated differently to get the best outcomes?
6 What is the most effective way of differentiating prolonged concussion symptoms (known as postconcussion syndrome) from symptoms that are similar but unrelated to the concussion?
7 What structural and/or functional (eg, molecular, biochemical) changes occur in the brain with a concussion? How do the intensity and direction of forces involved in the head trauma cause the brain injury, and does location of the brain injury impact symptoms and severity?
8 What are the long-term effects of single or multiple concussions, and how do these effects impact day-to-day life?
9 What is the correlation between concussion severity and disturbed sleep patterns? What tools, aids, medications, or other interventions are most effective in managing these sleep disturbances?
10 How can the training of front-line physicians and other health care providers to recognize, diagnose, and manage concussion be improved and kept up to date?