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Specific energy requirements of different desalination technologies and related GHGs (based on 1 m3 of desalinated water) [15], [21].
| Technology | Energy, kWh | CO2, kg | NOx, g | SOx, g | PM10, g |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SWRO | 3.7–4.5 | 3.01 | 7.20 | 6.83 | 0.20 |
| MSF | 4kWh (+333 MJ) |
23.41 | 28.29 | 27.92 | 2.04 |
| MSF-WHa | 1.98 | 4.27 | 14.79 | ||
| MED | 2kWh (+263 MJ) |
18.05 | 21.41 | 26.49 | 1.02 |
| MED-WHa | 1.11 | 2.42 | 16.12 |
WH = Waste heat utilized for the supply of thermal energy.
