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. 2023 Jun 1;28:284–310. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.05.014

Table 2.

Summary of various in vivo macrophage phenotypes and their identification markers reported in the literature [58].

Phenotypes	Effector molecule	Identification markers
Primary monocytes	F8/80⁺, MHC-II⁺, CSF-1R⁺	CD11b⁺, CD115⁺
Inflammatory/circulating monocytes	CX3CR1^Low, CD62L⁻, CD43⁺, Cd11c^-	Ly6C⁺, CCR2^High
FBR^a macrophages	CD64^Moderate, MHC-II⁺	CD6^High, F4/80^High
M1 macrophages	pSTAT1, pSTAT5, iNOS^High, IL-1R1, TLR2, TLR4, IRF-5, IL-12^High, IL-23^High, TNF-α^High, IL-1β^High, IL-6^Moderate, CCL(2,3,4,5,8,9,10,11), CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11	CD80⁺, CD86⁺, CCR7^High, SOCS3
M2a macrophages	CD200R?, Stabilin-1, CD301, Dectin-1, SR, IL-1R, Polyamine, CCL17, CCL22, CCL24, TGF-β^Moderate	IL-10^High, CD163^High, SOCS1/2, Arg1^High, CD206^High, THM2, Fizz1^Moderate, Ym1/2, pSTAT6
M2b macrophages	MHC-II, IL-1, IL-6, CCL1, TNF-α	CD86⁺
M2c macrophages	CD163, TGF-β^High	MERTK, pSTAT3, CD206^High
M2d macrophages	IL-10^Moderate, IL-12, TNF-α, and TGF-β	VEGF-A
FBGC^b	CD11c, CD44, CD98, CD206, E-cadherin, DC-STAMP, DC-SIGN, HLA-DR, B7-H1	CD86, MMP9
Anti-fibrotic macrophages	Arg-1^-, CD206, FIZZ1, MERTK, CD74, CXCR2, CXCR4, MFGE8, MMP(3,8,9,12,13,14)	Arg-1⁺, CD280^High, PPARγ

^a

FBR, foreign body response.

^b

FBGC, foreign body giant cell.