Table 3.

Sample characteristics

Maternal	Cocaine				Non-cocaine		F/χ2a	p
	Heavy (n=82)		Light (n=76)		(n=161)
	M±SD	Range	M±SD	Range	M±SD	Range
Age (years)	29.0±5	(18–41)	28.7±5	(18–38)	25.6±5	(18–40)	18.8	0.0001b
Parity	3.4±2	(1–10)	3.2±2	(1–8)	2.7±2	(1–10)	3.4	0.03c
Gravida	4.8±2	(1–14)	4.6±2	(1–11)	3.7±2	(1–11)	8.5	0.0002b
Number of prenatal care visitsd	5.5±5	(0–25)	6.2±5	(0–23)	8.7±5	(0–25)	15.6	0.0001b
Month began prenatal care	4.8±2	(1–9)	4.2±2	(1–9)	3.5±2	(1–9)	12.9	0.0001b
PPVT-R standard score	73.3±13	(41–104)	74.2±15	(40–121)	78.6±15	(41–123)	4.3	0.02c
WAIS-R BD score	7±2	(1–14)	6.9±2	(1–11)	7.3±2	(1–13)	1.2	0.29
WAIS-R PC score	6.5±2	(3–12)	6.6±2	(3–11)	7.0±2	(2–17)	1.8	0.17
General severity index (mother)	0.96±0.9	(0–3.8)	0.66±0.6	(0–3.4)	0.47±0.5	(0–2.9)	15.8	0.0001e
General severity index (current caregiver)	0.72±0.7	(0–3.8)	0.56±0.5	(0–2.7)	0.47±0.5	(0–2.9)	4.22	0.02c
Race (non-white)	68 (83%)		60 (79%)		129 (80%)		0.20	0.65
No prenatal care	14 (17%)		10 (13%)		15 (9%)		13.1	0.08
Alcohol use	68 (84%)		66 (92%)		101 (63%)		17.3	0.001b
Marijuana use	45 (56%)		38 (53%)		18 (11%)		57.3	0.001b
Tobacco use	74 (91%)		62 (86%)		65 (40%)		70.8	0.001b
Amphetamine use	2 (3%)		2 (3%)		2 (1%)		0.6	0.46
Barbiturate use	1 (1%)		1 (1%)		1 (1%)		0.3	0.60
Valium use	9 (15%)		11 (18%)		0 (0%)			0.000b,f
Heroin use	3 (4%)		1 (1%)		0 (0%)			0.03c,f
PCP use	3 (4%)		5 (7%)		0 (0%)			0.000b,f
Maternal employment	6 (7%)		3 (4%)		34 (21%)		11.6	0.001b
Married	6 (7%)		4 (5%)		30 (19%)		8.1	0.004b
Socioeconomic status (IV/V)	81 (99%)		72 (96%)		157 (98%)		0.2	0.66
Education (<high school graduate)	33 (40%)		35 (46%)		53 (33%)		1.9	0.17

^aMantel–Haenszel chi-square.

^bNone/light and heavy.

^cNone/heavy.

^dp adjusted for gestational age.

^eNone<light<heavy.

^fFisher’s exact test.