Table 3.

HDS Results of Infertility Cohort. Shows the High DNA Stainability (HDS) results of our cohort of 209 human male infertility subjects on the sperm chromatin structure analysis test performed on their semen samples. This HDS was analyzed as a continuous variable and as a binary (HDS over 10% or under or equal to 10%). This was done as a logistics regression model for the categorical variables and a linear regression model for the continuous variables. No significant relationships were found

Outcome: HDS > 10% or HDS ≤ 10%
Variable	Value	Estimate	Standard error	Wald Chi-Square	p-value
Age	age in years	-0.05	0.03	2.59	0.1077
Exposure to heat (yes/no)	yes	-0.06	0.19	0.09	0.7591
Outside/inside job	inside	4.09	1.82	0.00	0.9821
Outside/inside job	outside	4.26	1.82	0.00	0.9813
Exposure to radiation/chemicals (yes/no)	yes	0.04	0.20	0.05	0.8281
Tobacco use (yes/no)	yes	0.25	0.18	1.89	0.1687
Level of alcohol use	heavy	-0.04	0.36	0.01	0.9121
Level of alcohol use	moderate	0.29	0.25	1.31	0.2519
Level of alcohol use	rare	-0.27	0.25	1.10	0.2951
Outcome: HDS (%) continuous variable
Variable	Value	Estimate	Standard error	t-value	p-value
Age	age in years	-0.10	0.08	-1.29	0.1985
Exposure to heat (yes/no)	yes	1.03	1.08	0.96	0.3406
Outside/inside job	inside	4.08	4.20	0.97	0.3315
Outside/inside job	outside	3.00	4.28	0.70	0.4845
Exposure to radiation/chemicals (yes/no)	yes	1.13	1.11	1.02	0.3108
Tobacco use (yes/no)	yes	1.83	1.01	1.81	0.0726
Level of alcohol use	heavy	-1.09	1.44	-0.76	0.4500
Level of alcohol use	moderate	0.77	1.10	0.70	0.4855
Level of alcohol use	rare	0.01	1.07	0.01	0.9892

HDS High DNA Stainability