Fig. 9.

Cholic and deoxycholic acids induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Bile acids (BA) can interact with skeletal muscle cells, presumably through the TGR5 receptor, altering mitochondrial function. We demonstrated that BA diminish the mitochondrial mass in a mechanism associated with mitochondrial biogenesis decreasing. Also, we observed alterations in autophagic flux that trigger in accumulation of mitophagosome-like structures. Besides, we show that BA induce mitochondrial structural alterations, such as increased circularity and decreased cristae, that could cause impairment in mitochondrial function. These changes can be associated with less ORC and correlated with complex I and II diminutions. Finally, we demonstrated that mitochondrial oxidative stress generation in skeletal muscle cells is an important mechanism related to mitochondrial dysfunction