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. 2023 Jun 8:1–15. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-27594-x

Table 2.

Variables' descriptive statistics

Full sample Non-Asian Asian Non-G-20 G-20
Mean Std. dev Mean Std. dev Mean Std. dev Mean Std. dev Mean Std. dev
BCO2 emissions from buildings 3.32 09 7.6209 5.3809 2.1408 4.8907 4.0608 5.5309 8.0907 6.9207 2.0508
JLL Sustainability 1.9133255 1.8524433 1.6651446 1.8261257 1.456291 1.6313457 1.5530632 1.7074564 1.595433 1.6669124
GDP per capita (ppp) 41,431.82 41,551.22 42,471.89 41,171.38 49,348.48 28,288.38 28,091.82 41,769.71 61,439.42 31,258.92
GDP 911,751.4 3,431,132 951,188.4 3,860,698 799,251.3 819,588.3 530,444 2,531,739 2,541,281 3,471,888
Population 80,488.22 288,166 80,381.82 330,190.5 41,550.62 39,690.7 90,078.13 331,7631.8 48,129.05 70,199.89
Urbanization 1.692428 1.2101352 1.6752135 1.2375731 1.7313457 1.1210698 1.6461346 1.2329689 1.7823466 1.1116544
Energy consumption 1.0874434 1.0536114 1.0722548 1.0577692 1.1178866 1.0232132 1.0701742 1.0560569 1.1178846 1.0304866
Temperature 31.93157 8.5936 29.784524 5.393235 8.322568 4.88891 29.29632 7.376146 22.40691 6.203168