Table 2.
The association between metabolic health-obesity phenotypes (defined by %BF) and kidney stones.
| Metabolic health-obesity phenotypes | Events | Participants | Model 1† OR (95% CI) | Model 2‡ OR (95% CI) | Model 3§ OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolically healthy participants | |||||
| MHN | 12 | 445 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| MHOW | 22 | 412 | 1.62 (0.56–4.65) | 1.56 (0.53–4.59) | 1.51 (0.51–4.53) |
| MHO | 18 | 277 | 2.90 (1.18–7.08) | 2.98 (1.20–7.42) | 2.92 (1.15–7.42) |
| Per 5% increment in %BF | 1.33 (1.07–1.66) | 1.56 (1.17–2.07) | 1.60 (1.20–2.14) | ||
| P for trend | 0.026 | 0.026 | 0.023 | ||
| Metabolically unhealthy participants | |||||
| MUN | 25 | 399 | 2.26 (0.94–5.44) | 2.08 (0.83–5.23) | 1.99 (0.77–5.14) |
| MUOW | 95 | 1,023 | 3.27 (1.49–7.17) | 2.91 (1.26–6.72) | 2.78 (1.19–6.50) |
| MUO | 186 | 1731 | 3.82 (1.79–8.14) | 3.62 (1.64–7.97) | 3.44 (1.55–7.63) |
| Per 5% increment in %BF | 1.16 (1.08–1.26) | 1.19 (1.02–1.39) | 1.17 (1.00–1.37) | ||
| P for trend | 0.008 | 0.005 | 0.007 |
%BF, percent body fat; MHN, metabolically healthy normal weight; MHOW, metabolically healthy overweight; MHO, metabolically healthy obesity; MUN, metabolically unhealthy normal weight; MUOW, metabolically unhealthy overweight; MUO, metabolically unhealthy obesity; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. †Model 1 was not adjusted. ‡Model 2 was adjusted for age, sex, and race and ethics. §Model 3 was adjusted for age, sex, race and ethics, education level, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, daily water intake, CKD stage 3–5, and hyperuricemia.