Table 3. Characteristics of the peer review process.

	Sample 1 (N = 144) 7	Sample 2 (N = 115) 7
Number of rounds of peer review	Med = 2, IQR = [1–2]	Med = 2, IQR = [1 –– 2]
Number of rounds of revision	Med = 2, IQR = [2–4]	Med = 2, IQR = [2–3]
Number of peer reviewers, per study	Med = 2, IQR = [2–2.25]	Med = 2, IQR = [2–2]
Number of reviewers, total	330	263
Peer reviewers identified by name	180 (55) 8	146 (56) 8
Number of editors involved, per study	Med = 1, IQR = [1–1]	Med = 1, IQR = [1–1]
Public posting of editors’ letter to the authors	16 (11) 9	15 (13) 9
Editor identified by name	10 (63) 10	8 (53) 10

⁷ sample 1 includes articles of any type of original research. Sample 2 is restricted to only randomized controlled trials (RCTs)

⁸ denominator is the total number of reviewers: /330 in sample 1 and /263 in sample 2

⁹ denominator is the number of editors involved: /144 in sample 1 and /115 in sample 2

¹⁰ denominator is the number of editors who publicly posted letters to the authors: /16 in sample 1 and /15 in sample 2