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. 2023 Jun 1;2023:5685003. doi: 10.1155/2023/5685003

Table 4.

Comparison of mean scores between classes that had drawing exercisers vs. classes that did not have drawing exercisers.

Exercise Mean (±SD) t-test df p-value
Classes of 2021 and 2022 (no drawing exercises) (n = 103) Classes of 2023 and 2024 (had drawing exercises) (n = 103)
Waxing 62.65 (±20.06) 82.21 (±7.95) −9.202 133.316 0.001∗∗
Tooth ID 66.95 (±10.85) 86.06 (±8.23) −14.240 190.176 0.001∗∗
Didactic 83.99 (±7.59) 89.98 (±5.04) −6.663 177.364 0.001∗∗

∗∗p < 0.01.