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. 2023 Jun 9;14(6):353. doi: 10.1038/s41419-023-05881-2

Fig. 2. Mechanisms of circRNA functions.

Fig. 2

A CircRNAs can act as sponges or decoys for miRNAs. MiRNA binding to circRNAs may release target mRNAs from miRNA-dependent degradation, resulting in more effective translation. B circRNAs containing RBP motifs (such as HuR, EIF4A3, P21, and CDK2) may act either as sponges or decoys for the aforementioned proteins while regulating their functions. C circRNAs may interact with the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) complex containing the U1 snRNP in the promoter region of targeted genes, and significantly enhance its function. D circRNAs contain ribosome entry sites that may be translated to produce unique peptides under specific conditions.