Table 5.
Summary of methods used in studies on multiple neurotransmitters in the primate thalamus
| Molecule studied | Authors | Genus | Fixation | Postfixation | Technique used | Plane of cutting | Stereotaxic space | Thalamic nomenclature | Parcellation stains | Studied thalamic regions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-HT and DßH | Morrison and Foote (1986) | Macaque, Saimiri | Perfusion (PFA) | Immersion (PFA) | IMHQ | Coronal | Not specified | Emmers and Akert (1963) | Nissl | Visual-related structures |
| 5-HT and DßH | Westlund et al. (1990) | Macaque | Perfusion (PFA) | – | IMHQ | Coronal | Not specified | Only VPL | Not specified | VPL thalamic nucleus |
| 5-HT and DA | Liu and Jones (1991) | Macaque, Felis (cat) | Perfusion (PFA or PFA + GTA) | Immersion (PFA or PFA + GTA) | IMHQ | Coronal | Not specified | Only VPL | Not specified | VPL thalamic nucleus |
| 5-HT, DA, NA | Oke et al. (1997) | Human | Unfixed | – | Liquid chromatography | Coronal | Not specified | Only major subdivisions | Fresh brain | Whole thalamus |
| ChAT and histamine | Wilson et al. (1999) | Macaque | Perfusion (PFA or PFA + EDCDI) or immersion (EDCDI) | Immersion (PFA or EDCDI) [only some tissue] | IMHQ | Coronal | Not specified | Only lateral geniculate nucleus | Not specified | Lateral geniculate nucleus |
| DAT, DßH and TH | Melchitzky and Lewis (2001) | Macaque | Perfusion (PFA) | Immersion (PFA) | IMHQ | Coronal, Sagittal | Not specified | Olszewski (1952), Ilinsky and Kultas-Ilinsky (1987) | Nissl | Mediodorsal nucleus |
| 5-HT and orexin | Hsu and Price (2009) | Macaque | Perfusion (PFA) | Immersion (PFA) | IMHQ | Coronal | Not specified | Olszewski (1952) | Nissl, AChE, Myelin | Paraventricular thalamic nucleus |
| Multiple receptors | Palomero-Gallagher and Zilles (2018) | Human | Unfixed | – | Receptor autoradiography | Coronal | Not specified | Not specified. Only major subdivisions | Nissl-like and myelin | Whole brain |
5-HT 5-hydroxytriptamine (serotonin), DA dopamine, DAT dopamine transporter, DßH dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, ChAT choline acetyltransferase, EDCDI l-ethyl-3(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide, GTA glutaraldehyde, IMHQ Immunohistochemistry, NA noradrenaline, PFA paraformaldehyde, TH tyrosine hydroxylase, VPL ventral posterolateral nucleus