Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2023 Jun 8;14:3359. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-39104-1

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 1 — a Schematic representation of the protocol for reprogramming human fibroblasts into human induced trophoblast stem cells (hiTSCs). b Bright field images of human primary fibroblasts, two human blastocyst-derived TSC lines, hbdTSC#2 and hbdTSC#9, and three representative GOKM-derived hiTSC colonies (passage #8–11) originating either from KEN (foreskin fibroblasts, hiTSC#4), PCS201 (foreskin fibroblasts, hiTSC#11) or GM25432 (female adult fibroblasts, hiTSC#16) from three independent reprogramming experiments (n = 3). c, d qPCR analysis of mRNA levels for TSC-specific markers GATA3 (endogenous 5’ UTR expression), KRT7, TP63 and TFAP2C (c) and mesenchymal-specific markers THY1, ACTA2, VIM and ZEB1 (d) in six hiTSC colonies, two hbdTSC lines, three fibroblast lines, hESCs and iPSCs. The indicated hiTSC colonies were derived from three independent reprogramming experiments (n = 3). The highest sample for each gene was set to 1. Results were normalized to the mRNA levels of the housekeeping control gene GAPDH and are shown as fold change. For each sample two replicates were used (n = 2). e Immunofluorescence staining for TSC-specific markers GATA3, KRT7, TFAP2C, GATA2, epithelial markers CDH1 and KRT18, and the mesenchymal marker VIM in parental fibroblasts (KEN) and hbdTSC (hbdTSC#2) controls and in three independent (n = 3) hiTSC clones, hiTSC#4, hiTSC#11 and hiTSC#16. f qPCR analysis for the expression of C19MC miRNA cluster in the indicated samples. hiTSC colonies were derived from three independent reprogramming experiments (n = 3). The highest sample for each miR was set to 1. Results were normalized to the expression levels of the control miR 103a and are shown as fold change. For each sample two replicates were used (n = 2). See also Supplementary Fig. 1. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.