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. 2023 Jun 8;14:3368. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-39118-9

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 9 — a Timeline for drug treatment and behaviour test. b T-climbing down in pole test (n = 8 for SAMP8, n = 9 for SAMR1 and SAMP8-NML). c Passing time in beam balance test (n = 8 for SAMP8, n = 10 for SAMR1 and SAMP8-NML). d Number of falls from rotating rod (n = 7 for SAMP8, n = 10 for SAMR1 and SAMP8-NML). e Dwelling time on rotating rod (n = 7 for SAMP8, n = 10 for SAMR1 and SAMP8-NML). Proportion of times entering the open arm (f, n = 8 for SAMR1, n = 6 for SAMP8, n = 7 for SAMP8-NML) and Proportion of exploration time in the open arm (g, n = 8 for SAMR1, n = 6 for SAMP8, n = 7 for SAMP8-NML) in elevated-plus maze. Entries in the centre (h, n = 7 for SAMP8, n = 8 for SAMR1 and SAMP8-NML) and time spent in centre (i, n = 7 for SAMP8, n = 8 for SAMR1 and SAMP8-NML) in open field. j Trajectory in open field. k Recognition index of mice in novel object recognition test (n = 6 for SAMP8, n = 7 for SAMR1 and SAMP8-NML). l Proportion of time exploring the new arm in Y maze (n = 6 for SAMP8, n = 7 for SAMR1 and SAMP8-NML). m Proportion of times entering the new arm in the Y maze (n = 6 for SAMP8, n = 7 for SAMR1 and SAMP8-NML). The data were shown as mean ± SEM. p-values were determined by one-way ANOVA test (b–i, k–m). ###p < 0.001 vs the SAMR1 group; ***p < 0.001 vs the SAMP8 group.