Table 6.
Test of the mediating effects of cognitive engagement on the relationship between multidimensional learning features and engineering learning outcomes.
| Dependent variable: cognitive engagement | Dependent variable: engineering learning outcomes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mode 6 | Mode 7 | Mode 8 | Mode 9 | |
| Gender | −0.024 | −0.004 | 0.006 | 0.016 |
| Grade | −0.026* | 0.037 | −0.022* | −0.011 |
| Types of universities | 0.011 | 0.122*** | 0.024* | 0.019 |
| Major | 0.000 | 0.018 | −0.010 | −0.010 |
| GPA | 0.046*** | 0.134*** | −0.001 | −0.017 |
| Design practice | 0.362*** | 0.365*** | 0.214*** | |
| Interactive reflection | 0.116*** | 0.186*** | 0.022 | |
| Knowledge integration | 0.193*** | 0.198*** | 0.150*** | |
| Circular iteration | 0.308*** | 0.313*** | 0.184*** | |
| Cognitive engagement | 0.419*** | |||
| Adjusted R2 | 0.828 | 0.016 | 0.047 | 0.053 |
| F-value | 123.744 | 5.238 | 13.439 | 14.131 |
| VIF value | 1.071–3.072 | 1.070–1.152 | 1.071–3.072 | 1.019–3.190 |
| VIF average value | 1.960 | 1.12875 | 1.960 | 1.963 |
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.