Table. Selected Characteristics Among Patients Treated With 3DCRT or IMRT for Prostate Cancer in the Linked SEER-Medicare Cohort.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2-y survivors, analysis cohort for subsequent hematologic cancers | 5-y survivors, analysis cohort for subsequent solid cancers | |||
| 3DCRT alonea | IMRTa | 3DCRT alonea | IMRTa | |
| Total | 23 875 (36.6) | 41 360 (63.4) | 19 242 (42.0) | 26 569 (58.0) |
| Age at diagnosis | ||||
| 66-69 | 7138 (29.9) | 10 818 (26.2) | 6174 (32.1) | 7545 (28.4) |
| 70-74 | 9394 (39.3) | 15 908 (38.5) | 7972 (41.4) | 11 030 (41.5) |
| ≥75 | 7343 (30.8) | 14 634 (35.4) | 5096 (26.5) | 7994 (30.1) |
| Raceb | ||||
| Black | 2344 (9.8) | 4979 (12.0) | 1911 (9.9) | 3201 (12.0) |
| Other | 1264 (5.3) | 3045 (7.4) | 1012 (5.3) | 1941 (7.3) |
| White | 20 267 (84.9) | 33 336 (80.6) | 16 319 (84.8) | 21 427 (80.6) |
| Calendar year of prostate cancer | ||||
| 2002-2005 | 15 151 (59.2) | 10 444 (25.3) | 12 851 (66.8) | 8724 (32.8) |
| 2006-2010 | 7159 (25.4) | 20 992 (50.8) | 6391 (33.2) | 17 845 (67.2) |
| 2011-2013 | 1565 (13.6) | 9924 (11.6) | NA | NA |
| Charlson comorbidity index in 12 mos before prostate cancer diagnosis | ||||
| 0 | 17 261 (72.3) | 27 773 (67.1) | 14 168 (73.6) | 18 592 (70.0) |
| 1 | 4649 (19.5) | 8800 (21.3) | 3679 (19.1) | 5445 (20.5) |
| ≥2 | 1965 (8.2) | 4787 (11.6) | 1395 (7.2) | 2532 (9.5) |
| Grade of prostate cancer | ||||
| Well or moderately differentiated | 15 599 (65.3) | 15 274 (36.9) | 13 087 (68.0) | 11 009 (41.4) |
| Poorly differentiated or undifferentiated | 8276 (34.7) | 26 086 (63.1) | 6155 (32.0) | 15 560 (58.6) |
| Received brachytherapyc | ||||
| No/unknown | 7793 (32.6) | 31 757 (76.8) | 5945 (30.9) | 19 343 (72.8) |
| Yes | 16 082 (67.4) | 9603 (23.2) | 13 297 (69.1) | 7226 (27.2) |
| Received hormonal therapyc | ||||
| No/unknown | 13 133 (55.0) | 18 636 (45.1) | 10 573 (54.9) | 12 244 (46.1) |
| Yes | 10 742 (45.0) | 22 724 (54.9) | 8669 (45.1) | 14 325 (53.9) |
| Received prostatectomyc | ||||
| No/unknown | 23 147 (97.0) | 39 815 (96.3) | 18 609 (96.7) | 25 585 (96.3) |
| Yes | 728 (3.0) | 1545 (3.7) | 633 (3.3) | 984 (3.7) |
| Received chemotherapyc | ||||
| No/unknown | 23 875 (100) | 41 360 (100) | 18 529 (96.3) | 25 405 (95.6) |
| Yes | 0 | 0 | 713 (3.7) | 1164 (4.4) |
| Vital status at end of follow-upd | ||||
| Alive | 16 469 (69.0) | 32 129 (77.7) | 14 455 (75.1) | 21 761 (81.9) |
| Developed second cancere | 2921 (12.2) | 3634 (8.8) | 1714 (8.9) | 1648 (6.2) |
| Deceased | 4485 (18.8) | 5597 (13.5) | 3073 (16.0) | 3160 (11.9) |
Abbreviations: 3DCRT, 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy; IMRT, intensity modulated radiation therapy; SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results.
Radiation therapy type based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9), and Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) codes on Medicare claims. IMRT, Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes 77295, (76370 and 77290), (77014 and 77290). 3DCRT, HCPCS and CPT codes: 0073T, 77301, 77338, 77385, 77386, 77418, G0174, G6015, G6016, G0178, G1074. This group also included patients who had no claims for IMRT or proton beam therapy but had claims for external beam radiation therapy not otherwise specified (HCPCS and CPT codes: 77401, 77402, 77403, 77404, 77405, 77406, 77407, 77408, 77409, 77410, 77411, 77412, 77413, 77414, 77415, 77416, G6003-G6014, 77422, 77423). The 2-year (hematologic) and 5-year (solid) restrictions correspond to the expected minimum latency periods for developing radiation-related cancers.5 Patients who received proton therapy (CPT codes: 77380, 77381, 77520, 77521, 77522, 77523, 77524, 77525) before the start of analytic follow-up were excluded.
Race was included as reported in the Medicare Master Beneficiary Summary File. The category of other and unknown includes patients classified in the original variable as “unknown,” “other,” “Asian,” “Hispanic,” and “North American Native.”
This was received during the first year following prostate cancer diagnosis.
Patients were followed up from 2 years or 5 years following prostate cancer diagnosis until the earliest of second cancer diagnosis, age 85 years, death, date of first Medicare claim for proton therapy, or December 31, 2015.
Includes all second cancers (hematologic, solid, and those that could not be classified as hematologic or solid).