Table1.

PICOS criteria for inclusion and exclusion of intervention studies 

	Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria
Population	Older adults in nursing homes	Studies without at least 1 group of nursing home residents studied Humans only
Intervention	Vitamin D alone or in combination with other nutrients or therapy	Studies that do not have at least 1 vitamin D intervention group
Comparison	Vitamin D status	Studies without reported vitamin D status or figures on deficiency or sufficiency
Outcomes	Vitamin D status, adult health outcomes, such as bone turnover markers, physical function	Studies that did not measure vitamin D status or adult health outcomes
Study design	Observation studies, randomized controlled trials, nonrandomized controlled trials	Animal studies, in vitro studies, letters, literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, retracted, non-English language, reports, no vitamin D status or figures on deficiency or sufficiency, published before 2010