Table 1.

Summary of study methods across Phases 1–4

Study Phase	Data source	Analytical approach
Phase 1: Descriptive Phase	Secondary data analysis: Youth 2000 surveys, NZ Health Survey, NZ General Social Survey	Descriptive statistics and relevant analytic approaches including logistic regression, ordinal logistic regression and mediation analysis
Phase 2: Study on public discourse	NZ-based print media, social media	Critical discourse analysis, media content analysis
	Stakeholder interviews	Thematic analysis
Phase 3: Study on lived experience	In-depth interviews	Thematic analysis
Phase 4: Co-design phase	Co-design process	Grounded Theory approach