Table 1. Characteristics of 16,750 Patients ≥ 18 Years of Age or Older Who Developed Stroke After Noncardiac Surgery (NSQIP 2010 - 2019).
| Characteristics | No. of patients (%) |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Early postoperative stroke (≤ 7 days following surgery) | Delayed postoperative stroke (> 7 days following surgery) | |
| Study population | 16,750 (100.0) | 11,173 (66.7) | 5,577 (33.2) |
| Male sex | 8,122 (48.5) | 5,390 (48.2) | 2,732 (49) |
| Age | |||
| < 65 | 4,939 (30.4) | 3,300 (30.4) | 1,639 (30.3) |
| 65 - 74 | 4,911 (30.2) | 3,280 (30.2) | 1,631 (30.2) |
| 75 - 84 | 4,209 (25.9) | 2,824 (26) | 1,385 (25.6) |
| ≥ 85 | 2,193 (13.5) | 1,441 (13.3) | 752 (13.9) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27 (24 - 32) | 27 (23 - 32) | 28 (24 - 32) |
| ASA classification ≥ 3 | 14,762 (88.4) | 9,882 (88.7) | 4,880 (87.8) |
| Diabetes mellitus | |||
| None | 11,823 (70.6) | 7,948 (71.1) | 3,875 (69.5) |
| Noninsulin | 2,409 (14.4) | 1,512 (13.5) | 897 (16.1) |
| Insulin | 2,518 (15) | 1,713 (15.3) | 805 (14.4) |
| Systemic sepsis | |||
| None | 13,828 (82.7) | 9,243 (82.9) | 4,585 (82.4) |
| Systemic inflammatory response syndrome | 1,463 (8.7) | 992 (8.9) | 471 (8.5) |
| Sepsis | 795 (4.8) | 492 (4.4) | 303 (5.4) |
| Septic shock | 635 (3.8) | 429 (3.8) | 206 (3.7) |
| Smoker within 1 year of surgery | 3,663 (21.9) | 2,457 (22) | 1,206 (21.6) |
| Ventilator-dependent | 732 (4.4) | 538 (4.8) | 194 (3.5) |
| Emergency case | 3,354 (22.3) | 2,287 (22.7) | 1,067 (21.4) |
| On dialysis prior to surgery | 667 (4) | 398 (3.6) | 269 (4.8) |
| Functional dependency | 2,016 (12.1) | 1,280 (11.6) | 736 (13.3) |
| Congestive heart failure | 776 (4.6) | 487 (4.4) | 289 (5.2) |
| History of severe COPD | 1,770 (10.6) | 1,155 (10.3) | 615 (11) |
| Hypertension requiring medication | 12,468 (74.4) | 8,272 (74) | 4,196 (75.2) |
| Weight loss prior to surgery | 533 (3.5) | 322 (3.2) | 211 (4.2) |
| Transfusion 72 h before surgery | 758 (4.5) | 514 (4.6) | 244 (4.4) |
| Ascites | 176 (1.1) | 102 (0.9) | 74 (1.3) |
| Renal failure | 286 (1.9) | 179 (1.8) | 107 (2.1) |
ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.